Migration to breeding areas by male sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus from the Northeast Atlantic Arctic.

Mature male sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) primarily inhabit high latitude regions, travelling to tropical/temperate waters for breeding, where females and juveniles reside in cohesive social groups. Though mating is known to occur at low latitudes, the timing, duration, and routes of adult male migrations between feeding and breeding areas are poorly known. To study movement patterns of adult male sperm whales, 29 individuals were equipped with satellite transmitters in the Northeast Atlantic Arctic (69-79°N).

Complex Origins and History of the Relict Fennoscandian Ringed Seals.

Spatiotemporal environmental heterogeneity is a major evolutionary driver, which can cause profound phylogeographic complexity, particularly at the periphery of species ranges. Ringed seals display a highly disjoint distribution, occurring in high abundance throughout the circumpolar Arctic, as well as in the Baltic Sea, Lake Saimaa and Lake Ladoga. These relict Fennoscandian ringed seals were traditionally regarded as originating from a single colonisation event after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), but recent studies have challenged this perception.

Epidemiological disease burden and annual, nationwide health insurance treatment cost of female infertility based on real-world health insurance claims data in Hungary.

Background: Infertility affects more than 50 million couples worldwide, resulting in a significant burden on individuals and society. Its prevalence ranges from 8-12% among developed countries. The growing number of patients poses an increasing challenge to the healthcare system and its funding.