Extracellular vesicles from diverse fungal pathogens induce species-specific and endocytosis-dependent immunomodulation.

Microbial pathogens generate extracellular vesicles (EVs) for intercellular communication and quorum sensing. Microbial EVs also induce inflammatory pathways within host innate immune cells. We previously demonstrated that EVs secreted by trigger type I interferon signaling in host cells specifically via the cGAS-STING innate immune signaling pathway.

Fate mapping in mouse demonstrates early secretory differentiation directly from Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells.

The intestinal epithelium has a remarkably high turnover in homeostasis. It remains unresolved how this is orchestrated at the cellular level and how the behavior of stem and progenitor cells ensures tissue maintenance. To address this, we combined quantitative fate mapping in three complementary mouse models with mathematical modeling and single-cell RNA sequencing.

Specialty Care Oases: Utilizing Geographic Information Systems to Evaluate Specialty Care Access for Individuals With Down Syndrome.

Down syndrome is a chromosomal condition occurring in about 220,000 individuals in the United States. Previous research showed almost 1 in 5 individuals with Down syndrome in the U.S.

Gender-stratified national mental health norms of BSI-53, BSI-18, SCL-10, ADHD-9, and ADHD-6 for Denmark.

Background: Reliable gender-sensitive normative data is needed to facilitate mental health research and clinical utility of commonly used symptoms scales. This study establishes Danish gender-stratified norms for the 53-item and 18-item Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-53, BSI-18), proposed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology scales from the BSI-53, and the 10-item Symptom Checklist (SCL-10). This study also examines gender-differences in symptom reporting of the ADHD and SCL-10 scales, and assesses potential bias in recent SCL-10 norms.

Correlates of Trachoma Recrudescence: Results from 51 District-Level Trachoma Surveillance Surveys in Amhara, Ethiopia.

Trachoma recrudescence is a serious concern for trachoma control programs. Programs define recrudescence as the return of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) prevalence above elimination threshold (≥5%) on district-level trachoma surveillance surveys (TSSs). This study aimed to determine potential correlates of trachoma recrudescence within a historically highly endemic region.