Faraday cup measurements of triboelectrically charged granular material: a modular interpretation methodology.

The triboelectric charging of granular material is a long-standing and poorly understood phenomenon, with numerous scientific and industrial applications ranging from volcanic lightning to pharmaceutical production. The most widely utilised apparatus for the study of such charging is the Faraday cup, however, existing analysis of the resulting measurements is often simplistic and fails to distinguish charging due to particle-particle interactions from charging occurring through other mechanisms. Here, we outline a modular approach for interpreting these measurements, enabling triboelectric phenomena to be explored in greater detail.

A recent gibbon ape leukemia virus germline integration in a rodent from New Guinea.

Germline colonization by retroviruses results in the formation of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). Most colonization's occurred millions of years ago. However, in the Australo-Papuan region (Australia and New Guinea), several recent germline colonization events have been discovered The Wallace Line separates much of Southeast Asia from the Australo-Papuan region restricting faunal and pathogen dispersion.

Hiding in plain sight: two new species of diminutive marsupial (Dasyuridae: Planigale) from the Pilbara, Australia.

Many of Australias smaller marsupial species have been taxonomically described in just the past 50 years, and the Dasyuridae, a speciose family of carnivores, is known to harbour many cryptic taxa. Evidence from molecular studies is being increasingly utilised to help revise species boundaries and focus taxonomic efforts, and research over the past two decades has identified several undescribed genetic lineages within the dasyurid genus Planigale. Here, we describe two new species, Planigale kendricki sp.

Calf health veterinary services: Making them work for calves, farmers and veterinarians.

Background: Despite an appetite among UK veterinarians (vets) and farmers to improve calf health, vets face challenges in delivering and sustaining proactive calf health services.

Methods: Forty-six vets and 10 veterinary technicians (techs) participated in a project to determine what makes calf health services successful while improving their own services. In four facilitated workshops and two seminars, carried out between August 2021 and April 2022, participants described their approaches to calf work, discussed measures of success, identified challenges and success factors, and addressed knowledge gaps.

Diversity of Leptospira spp. in bats and rodents from Papua New Guinea.

Leptospirosis is the most common bacterial zoonosis globally. The pathogen, Leptospira spp., is primarily associated with rodent reservoirs.