Establishment of the Military Neurosurgeons Committee within the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies.

In 2009, during the World Congress of Neurological Surgery in Boston, Massachusetts, the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Executive Committee decided to establish a Military Neurosurgeons Committee. A separate scientific session on military neurosurgery was held at the next WFNS Interim Meeting in September 2011 in Brazil. A further separate session on military neurosurgery will take place at the next WFNS Meeting in Seoul, South Korea.

Saudi normative data for the Wisconsin Card Sorting test, Stroop test, Test of Non-verbal Intelligence-3, Picture Completion and Vocabulary (subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised).

Objective: There are 2 aims for this study: first, to collect normative data for the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Stroop test, Test of Non-verbal Intelligence (TONI-3), Picture Completion (PC) and Vocabulary (VOC) sub-test of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised for use in a Saudi Arabian culture, and second, to use the normative data provided to generate the regression equations.

Methods: To collect the normative data and generate the regression equations, 198 healthy individuals were selected to provide a representative distribution for age, gender, years of education, and socioeconomic class. The WCST, Stroop test, TONI-3, PC, and VOC were administrated to the healthy individuals.

Trolox ameliorates 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rats.

3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) is a naturally occurring neurotoxin produced by legumes of the genus Astragalus and Arthrium fungi. Acute exposure to 3-NPA results in striatal astrocytic death and variety of behavior dysfunction in rats. Oxidative stress has been reported to play an important role in 3-NPA-induced neurotoxicity.