GABA transaminase deficiency. Case report and literature review.

GABA transaminase deficiency should be considered in the differential diagnosis of early onset epileptic encephalopathies. This case was diagnosed post-mortem, but increased vigilance to this will allow for earlier diagnoses in other infants and families. This is a case study which involved diagnosis of a rare neurometabolic disorder in one of the babies in the family and eventual genetic counselling of the family.

Report of a case of Raine syndrome and literature review.

We report on a case of Raine syndrome with a mutation in FAM20C and typical phenotypic features consisting of midface hypoplasia, hypoplastic nose, choanal atresia, wide fontanelle, exophthalmos, generalized osteosclerosis and intracranial calcification. New features in our patient are cerebellar hypoplasia and pachygyria. We review the literature and conclude that the triad of hypoplastic nose, exophthalmos and generalized osteosclerosis and/or intracranial calcification is consistent in all molecularly confirmed cases.

Study of the cytokine polymorphisms in correlation to rejection and graft survival in renal allograft donors and recipients from a homogenous Saudi population.

Objectives: Allograft outcome can be improved with the discovery of risk factors that influence adverse events and may allow individualization of patients' treatment. Rejection is the main hurdle to successful transplantation and the immune response is the key effecter to rejection development. Hence, the major objective of the present study was to assess the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 5 cytokine genes, HLA mismatch and graft outcome in a cohort of 100 Saudi kidney transplant recipients and 100 living related donors at a single transplant center.

A novel syndrome of lethal familial hyperekplexia associated with brain malformation.

Background: Hyperekplexia (HPX) is a rare non-epileptic disorder manifesting immediately after birth with exaggerated persistent startle reaction to unexpected auditory, somatosensory and visual stimuli, and non-habituating generalized flexor spasm in response to tapping of the nasal bridge (glabellar tap) which forms its clinical hallmark. The course of the disease is usually benign with spontaneous amelioration with age. The disorder results from aberrant glycinergic neurotransmission, and several mutations were reported in the genes encoding glycine receptor (GlyR) α1 and β subunits, glycine transporter GlyT2 as well as two other proteins involved in glycinergic neurotransmission gephyrin and collybistin.

Camel urine components display anti-cancer properties in vitro.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: While camel urine (CU) is widely used in the Arabian Peninsula to treat various diseases, including cancer, its exact mechanism of action is still not defined. The objective of the present study is to investigate whether camel urine has anti-cancer effect on human cells in vitro.

Materials And Methods: The annexinV/PI assay was used to assess apoptosis, and immunoblotting analysis determined the effect of CU on different apoptotic and oncogenic proteins.