[Pathogenetic approaches to the correction of vascular homeostasis in patients with COVID-19: A review].

The adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19 in the initial phase of the disease are often due to the development of cytokine storm, endothelial dysfunction, shifts in the hemostasis system, microangiopathy, angiocentric inflammation, and pathological angiogenesis, which require targeted therapy. Unfortunately, to date, there is still no drug with proven high efficacy. This review is to analyse the literature data on the pathogenesis of vascular homeostasis lesions and possible ways to correct the existing shifts in patients with COVID-19.

Synthesis of -stereogenic 1-phosphanorbornane-derived phosphine-phosphite ligands and application in asymmetric catalysis.

A convenient synthesis of enantiopure mixed donor phosphine-phosphite ligands has been developed incorporating -stereogenic phosphanorbornane and axially chiral bisnaphthols into one ligand structure. The ligands were applied in Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution of diphenylallyl acetate, Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydroformylation of styrene and Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of an acetylated dehydroamino ester. Excellent branched selectivity was observed in the hydroformylation although low was found.

Ring-Opening Reaction of 1-Phospha-2-Azanorbornenes via P-N Bond Cleavage and Reversibility Studies.

The reactive P-N bond in 1-phospha-2-azanorbornenes is readily cleaved by simple alcohols to afford -chiral 2,3-dihydrophosphole derivatives as a racemic mixture. The isolation of the products was not possible due to the reversibility of the reaction, which could, however, be stopped by sulfurization of the phosphorus atom, thus efficiently blocking the lone pair of electrons, as exemplified for yielding structurally characterized . Additionally, the influence of the substituent in the α position to the phosphorus atom (H, Ph, 2-py, CN) on the reversibility of the reaction was studied.

Access to Enantiomerically Pure -Chiral 1-Phosphanorbornane Silyl Ethers.

Sulfur-protected enantiopure -chiral 1-phosphanorbornane silyl ethers , are obtained in high yields via the reaction of the hydroxy group of -chiral 1-phosphanorbornane alcohol with -butyldimethylsilyl chloride (TBDMSCl) and triphenylsilyl chloride (TPSCl). The corresponding optically pure silyl ethers , are purified via crystallization and fully structurally characterized. Desulfurization with excess Raney nickel gives access to bulky monodentate enantiopure phosphorus(III) 1-phosphanorbornane silyl ethers , which are subsequently applied as ligands in iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of a prochiral ketone and enamide.

Facile Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure P-Chiral 1-Alkoxy-2,3-dihydrophospholes via Nucleophilic P-N Bond Cleavage of a 1-Phospha-2-azanorbornene.

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Prof. Evamarie Hey-Hawkins at Leipzig University. The image depicts a deer with diastereomeric antlers.