A new hybrid image denoising algorithm using adaptive and modified decision-based filters for enhanced image quality.

Denoising is one of the most important processes in digital image processing to recover visual quality and structural integrity in images. Traditional methods often suffer from limitations like computational complexity, over-smoothing, and the inability to preserve critical details, particularly edges. This paper introduces a hybrid denoising algorithm combining Adaptive Median Filter (AMF) and Modified Decision-Based Median Filter (MDBMF) to address these challenges.

Sarcolemmal dysfunction in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy: An assessment using muscle velocity recovery cycles.

Objective: There is a need to develop novel facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) biomarkers for use in clinical trials. We examined the muscle excitability properties in FSHD and their use as biomarkers of disease severity.

Methods: Muscle velocity recovery cycle (MVRC) and frequency ramp recordings were performed on the tibialis anterior (TA) and trapezius muscles in subjects with FSHD.

Onset of Intermittency and Multiscaling in Active Turbulence.

Recent results suggest that highly active, chaotic, nonequilibrium states of living fluids might share much in common with high Reynolds number, inertial turbulence. We now show, by using a hydrodynamical model, the onset of intermittency and the consequent multiscaling of Eulerian and Lagrangian structure functions as a function of the bacterial activity. Our results bridge the worlds of low and high Reynolds number flows as well as open up intriguing possibilities of what makes flows intermittent.

Molecular insights from 2023 and 2024 outbreaks reveal exclusive circulation of peste des petits ruminants virus lineage IV in India.

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious disease affecting sheep and goats, caused by PPR virus (PPRV), a member of the genus Morbillivirus. In 2023 and 2024, on testing of suspected clinical samples for PPR received through passive surveillance of sheep and goat flocks in various states of India resulted in the documentation of 15 laboratory-confirmed outbreaks of PPR. During the outbreak investigation, morbidity and significant mortality rates were observed, and clinical samples collected from the affected flocks were tested using ELISA and RT-PCR, confirming the presence of PPRV.

Infections in Standard or Tapered Dose of Prednisolone for Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis: A Randomized Trial (STASH Trial).

Objectives: Current guidance recommends a 40-mg dose of prednisolone (or equivalent) for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (AAH), while infections are not uncommon in them. The benefits of a rapid prednisolone tapering regimen in mitigating infection in patients with AAH are unknown. The primary objective was to assess the incidence of infection by day 90.