Sparing the Hippocampus in Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation Using Three Different Linear Accelerators: A Comparative Study.

Hippocampus protection, as an organ at risk in brain radiotherapy, might protect patients' quality of life. Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) has been used traditionally in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients as it increases survival. This study aimed to discover the contributing parameters for a successful PCI with simultaneous protection of the hippocampus by using three different treatment machines.

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Modern Cinderella?

Purpose: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains a prominent global cause of mortality, with coronary artery disease representing its most prevalent manifestation. Recently, a novel class of antidiabetic medication, namely sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, has been reported to have remarkable cardiorenal advantages for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and they may reduce cardiorenal risk even in individuals without pre-existing DM. Currently, there is no evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of these drugs in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), regardless of diabetes status.

Diagnostic Puzzles and Cause-Targeted Treatment Strategies in Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: An Updated Review.

Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a distinct subtype of myocardial infarction (MI), occurring in about 8-10% of spontaneous MI cases referred for coronary angiography. Unlike MI with obstructive coronary artery disease, MINOCA's pathogenesis is more intricate and heterogeneous, involving mechanisms such as coronary thromboembolism, coronary vasospasm, microvascular dysfunction, dissection, or plaque rupture. Diagnosing MINOCA presents challenges and includes invasive and non-invasive strategies aiming to differentiate it from alternative diagnoses and confirm the criteria of elevated cardiac biomarkers, non-obstructive coronary arteries, and the absence of alternate explanations for the acute presentation.

Unusual Manifestation of Extraosseous Ewing Sarcoma: Report of 3 Cases.

Ewing sarcoma (ES), described as a diffuse endothelioma of the bone, is divided into two categories: osseous and extraosseous, which mainly affects adolescents. Extraosseous Ewing Sarcomas (EES) are rare tumors originating from soft tissues. Their clinical presentation depends mainly on the primary location of the tumor and are highly chemosensitive and radiosensitive.