The Trajectory of KoRV-A Evolution Indicates Initial Integration into the Koala Germline Genome Near Coffs Harbour.

Background: Koala Retrovirus-A is a gamma-retrovirus that is spreading across wild koala populations through horizontal and vertical transmission, contributing significantly to genomic diversity across and even within koala populations. Previous studies have estimated that KoRV-A initially integrated into the koala genome less than 50,000 years ago, but the precise origins and the patterns of spread after its endogenization remain unclear.

Results: In this study, we analyzed germline insertions of KoRV-A using whole-genome sequencing data from 405 wild koalas, representing nearly the species' entire geographic range.

Open label vancomycin in primary sclerosing cholangitis-inflammatory bowel disease: improved colonic disease activity and associations with changes in host-microbiome-metabolomic signatures.

Background: We conducted a single-arm interventional study, to explore mucosal changes associated with clinical remission under oral vancomycin (OV) treatment, in primary sclerosing cholangitis associated inflammatory bowel disease (PSC-IBD); NCT05376228.

Method: Fifteen patients with PSC and active colitis (median faecal calprotectin 459µg/g; median total Mayo score 5) were treated with OV (125mg QID) for 4 weeks and followed-up for a further 4 weeks of treatment withdrawal (8 weeks, end-of-study). Colonic biopsies were obtained at baseline and week 4.

An Overview of Continuing Medical Education/Continuing Professional Development Systems in the Middle East and North Africa: A Mixed Methods Assessment.

The aims of this assessment were to describe the requirements for physicians to engage in CME/CPD; explore perceptions of in-country SMEs of their CME/CPD systems; describe perceptions of in-country physicians about interprofessional continuing education (IPCE) and independent CME/CPD; and provide recommendations that may be adopted to improve quality and effectiveness. An assessment of CME/CPD systems in the Middle East and North Africa was conducted using a mixed-methods approach that included 1:1 interviews with in-country SMEs and an electronic survey capturing qualitative and quantitative data from practicing in-country physicians. The results of this assessment were strongly influenced by Egypt and Israel in the Middle East, and Algeria and Morocco in North Africa.

An Overview of Continuing Medical Education/Continuing Professional Development Systems in Europe: A Mixed Methods Assessment.

The aims of this assessment were to describe the requirements for European physicians to engage in CME/CPD; explore perceptions of their CME/CPD systems; interprofessional continuing education (IPCE) and independent CME/CPD and provide recommendations that may be adopted to improve quality and effectiveness. This assessment used a mixed-methods approach that included 1:1 interviews with in-country subject matter experts (SMEs) and an electronic survey capturing qualitative and quantitative data from practicing in-country physicians. Our analysis reflects countries with CME/CPD systems that are quite mature when compared to other areas of the world.

An Overview of Continuing Medical Education/Continuing Professional Development Systems in Latin America: A Mixed Methods Assessment.

The aims of this regional assessment of continuing medical education (CME)/continuing professional development (CPD) systems in Latin America were to describe the current requirements, if any, for physicians to engage in CME/CPD, explore perceptions of national CME/CPD systems from in-country subject matter experts (SMEs), to describe the perceptions of interprofessional continuing education (IPCE) and independent CME/CPD from in-country physicians and to provide recommendations that may be adopted by organisations/countries to improve the quality and effectiveness of their current CME/CPD systems and better meet their learners' needs. An assessment of 11 CME/CPD systems in Latin America was conducted using a mixed-methods approach that included 1:1 interviews with in-country SMEs and an electronic survey capturing qualitative and quantitative data from practicing in-country physicians. This assessment reflected countries with CME/CPD systems that are in various stages of maturity.