Properties of Uremic Solutes That Allow Their Effective Control by Hemodialysis.

Background: If the GFR falls far enough, uremic symptoms such as anorexia and nausea prompt the initiation of dialysis. Thrice weekly hemodialysis can prevent recurrence of these symptoms even when patients become anuric. To accomplish this it must maintain the plasma levels of the uremic solutes which cause these symptoms lower than they were when dialysis was initiated.

Stimulus-driven cerebrospinal fluid dynamics is impaired in glaucoma patients.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics, driven by sensory stimulation-induced neuronal activity, is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and clearing metabolic waste. However, it remains unclear whether such CSF flow is impaired in age-related neurodegenerative diseases of the visual system. This study addresses this gap by examining CSF flow during visual stimulation in glaucoma patients and healthy older adults using functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Did the COVID-19 consortium recommendations impact the treatment of breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Purpose: We examined the impact of the COVID-19 consortium recommendations on the surgical management of breast cancer during the first year of the pandemic.

Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed ER + DCIS, ER- DCIS, AJCC Stage cT1-2N0-1 ER + , HER2-, HER2 + , and triple negative breast cancer were identified from the National Cancer Database from 2018 to 2021. An interrupted time series design evaluated differences in surgical delay and use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy/immunotherapy (NAC) and endocrine therapy (NET) before and after the pandemic.

Disadvantage of Viable Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis in Liver Transplantation for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is a promising treatment option for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comorbid with cirrhosis. However, HCC with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) remains an absolute contraindication for LT. This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of LT in patients with HCC plus portal vein thrombosis and further evaluate the impact of PVTT on the long-term outcomes of patients.