Virological Control by the CD4-Binding Site Antibody N6 in Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Monkeys.

Passive immunotherapy against HIV-1 will most likely require broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) with maximum breadth and potency to ensure therapeutic efficacy. Recently, the novel CD4 binding site antibody N6 demonstrated extraordinary neutralization breadth and potency against large panels of cross-clade pseudoviruses. We evaluated the antiviral activity of N6-LS, alone or in combination with the established V3-glycan antibody PGT121, in chronically simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-SF162P3-infected macaques.

The time course of the immune response to experimental coronavirus infection of man.

After preliminary trials, the detailed changes in the concentration of specific circulating and local antibodies were followed in 15 volunteers inoculated with coronavirus 229E. Ten of them, who had significantly lower concentrations of pre-existing antibody than the rest, became infected and eight of these developed colds. A limited investigation of circulating lymphocyte populations showed some lymphocytopenia in infected volunteers.

Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that measures rhinovirus-specific antibodies in human sera and nasal secretions.

Rhinovirus-specific antibodies have traditionally been detected by their ability to neutralise the homologous rhinovirus serotype in tissue culture. Recently, however, we have described an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that detects rhinovirus-specific antibodies in sera and nasal secretions [Barclay and Al-Nakib, 1987]. Here we describe an evaluation of the ELISA in a study involving 71 adult volunteers inoculated intranasally with human rhinovirus type 2 (HRV-2).

Influence of atopy on the clinical manifestations of coronavirus infection in adult volunteers.

In an attempt to understand the relationship between viral upper respiratory tract infection and the underlying virological and immunological mechanisms, thirty-four volunteers were inoculated intranasally with coronavirus 229E; subsequent virus shedding and/or antibody rises, indicating active infection, were observed in twenty-nine. There was a greater increase in independently measured scores of clinical severity, e.g.

An improved method for recovery of secretory immunoglobulins and lymphocytes from the nasal mucosa.

The difficulty of obtaining adequate specimens for assay has severely restricted in vivo investigations of local immune responses in humans. Washing the posterior nasopharynx for an extended period using chilled saline to stimulate serous secretions has improved yields of both secretory immunoglobulins and functionally competent immunocytes. The proportions of T- and B-cells found in such washings appear to differ from those found in blood.