High-Performance Monolithic 3D Integrated Complementary Inverters Based on Monolayer n-MoS and p-WSe.

Herein, the structure of integrated M3D inverters are successfully demonstrated where a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesized monolayer WSe p-type nanosheet FET is vertically integrated on top of CVD synthesized monolayer MoS n-type film FET arrays (2.5 × 2.5 cm) by semiconductor industry techniques, such as transfer, e-beam evaporation (EBV), and plasma etching processes.

Controlling the Minimum Item Exposure Rate in Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Two-Stage Sympson-Hetter Procedure.

Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) can improve test efficiency, but it also causes the problem of unbalanced item usage within a pool. The effect of uneven item exposure rates can not only induce a test security problem due to overexposed items but also raise economic concerns about item pool development due to underexposed items. Therefore, this study proposes a two-stage Sympson-Hetter (TSH) method to enhance balanced item pool utilization by simultaneously controlling the minimum and maximum item exposure rates.

Self-powered broadband photodetection enabled by facile CVD-grown MoS/GaN heterostructures.

Achieving self-powered photodetection without biasing is a notable challenge for photodetectors. In this work, we demonstrate the successful fabrication of large-scale van der Waals epitaxial molybdenum disulfide (MoS) on a p-GaN/sapphire substrate using a straightforward chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. Our research primarily centers on the characterization of these photodetectors produced through this method.

Dual-mode frequency multiplier in graphene-base hot electron transistor.

Since quantum computers have been gradually introduced in countries around the world, the development of the many related quantum components that can operate independently of temperature has become more important for enabling mature products with low power dissipation and high efficiency. As an alternative to studying cryo-CMOSs (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductors) to achieve this goal, quantum tunneling devices based on 2D materials can be examined instead. In this work, a vertical graphene-based quantum tunneling transistor has been used as a frequency modulator.

Defect-engineered room temperature negative differential resistance in monolayer MoS transistors.

The negative differential resistance (NDR) effect has been widely investigated for the development of various electronic devices. Apart from traditional semiconductor-based devices, two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)-based field-effect transistors (FETs) have also recently exhibited NDR behavior in several of their heterostructures. However, to observe NDR in the form of monolayer MoS, theoretical prediction has revealed that the material should be more profoundly affected by sulfur (S) vacancy defects.

Efficient DNA-Driven Nanocavities for Approaching Quasi-Deterministic Strong Coupling to a Few Fluorophores.

Strong coupling between light and matter is the foundation of promising quantum photonic devices such as deterministic single photon sources, single atom lasers, and photonic quantum gates, which consist of an atom and a photonic cavity. Unlike atom-based systems, a strong coupling unit based on an emitter-plasmonic nanocavity system has the potential to bring these devices to the microchip scale at ambient conditions. However, efficiently and precisely positioning a single or a few emitters into a plasmonic nanocavity is challenging.

High-Frequency Graphene Base Hot-Electron Transistor.

The integration of graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials with existing silicon semiconductor technology is highly desirable. This is due to the diverse advantages and potential applications brought about by the consequent miniaturization of the resulting electronic devices. Nevertheless, such devices that can operate at very high frequencies for high-speed applications are eminently preferred.

Three-Dimensional Molybdenum Diselenide Helical Nanorod Arrays for High-Performance Aluminum-Ion Batteries.

The rechargeable aluminum-ion battery (AIB) is a promising candidate for next-generation high-performance batteries, but its cathode materials require more development to improve their capacity and cycling life. We have demonstrated the growth of MoSe three-dimensional helical nanorod arrays on a polyimide substrate by the deposition of Mo helical nanorod arrays followed by a low-temperature plasma-assisted selenization process to form novel cathodes for AIBs. The binder-free 3D MoSe-based AIB shows a high specific capacity of 753 mAh g at a current density of 0.

Nanoprobing of MoS by Synchrotron Radiation When van der Waals Epitaxy Is Locally Invalid.

In this work, we demonstrated nano-scaled Laue diffractions by a focused polychromatic synchrotron radiation beam to discover what happens in MoS when van der Waals epitaxy is locally invalid. A stronger exciton recombination with a local charge depletion in the density of 1 × 10 cm, extrapolated by Raman scattering and photoluminescence, occurs in grains, which exhibits a preferred orientation of 30° rotation with respect to the -plane of a sapphire substrate. Else, the charge doping and trion recombination dominate instead.

A Dynamic Stratification Method for Improving Trait Estimation in Computerized Adaptive Testing Under Item Exposure Control.

When computerized adaptive testing (CAT) is under stringent item exposure control, the precision of trait estimation will substantially decrease. A new item selection method, the dynamic Stratification method based on Dominance Curves (SDC), which is aimed at improving trait estimation, is proposed to mitigate this problem. The objective function of the SDC in item selection is to maximize the sum of test information for all examinees rather than maximizing item information for individual examinees at a single-item administration, as in conventional CAT.

3D CoMoSe Nanosheet Arrays Converted Directly from Hydrothermally Processed CoMoO Nanosheet Arrays by Plasma-Assisted Selenization Process Toward Excellent Anode Material in Sodium-Ion Battery.

In this work, three-dimensional (3D) CoMoSe nanosheet arrays on network fibers of a carbon cloth denoted as CoMoSe@C converted directly from CoMoO nanosheet arrays prepared by a hydrothermal process followed by the plasma-assisted selenization at a low temperature of 450 °C as an anode for sodium-ion battery (SIB) were demonstrated for the first time. With the plasma-assisted treatment on the selenization process, oxygen (O) atoms can be replaced by selenium (Se) atoms without the degradation on morphology at a low selenization temperature of 450 °C. Owing to the high specific surface area from the well-defined 3D structure, high electron conductivity, and bi-metal electrochemical activity, the superior performance with a large sodium-ion storage of 475 mA h g under 0.

Evaluation of 5-[F]fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine as a tumor imaging agent: A comparison of [F]FdUrd, [F]FLT and [F]FDG.

One of the hallmarks of cancer is increased cell proliferation. Measurements of cell proliferation by estimation of DNA synthesis with several radiolabeled nucleosides have been tested to assess tumor growth. Deoxycytidine can be phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) and is incorporated into DNA.

Ga-labelled NOTA-RGD-GE11 peptide for dual integrin and EGFR-targeted tumour imaging.

Introduction: Multiple peptide receptors are co-expressed in many types of cancers. Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and GE11 peptides specifically target integrin αβ and EGFR, respectively. Recently, we designed and synthesized a heterodimer peptide NOTA-c(RGDyK)-GE11 (NOTA-RGD-GE11).

Development of single vial kits for preparation of Ga-labelled hexavalent lactoside for PET imaging of asialoglycoprotein receptor.

The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate the freeze-dried kit of NOTA-hexavalent lactoside (NOTA-HL) for the preparation of Ga-labeled glycoligand for PET imaging of the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR). GaCl was obtained from a commercial Ge/ Ga generator. Single-vial kits of HL were formulated.

Observation of Wigner crystal phase and ripplon-limited mobility behavior in monolayer CVD MoS with grain boundary.

Two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is crucial in condensed matter physics and is present on the surface of liquid helium and at the interface of semiconductors. Monolayer MoS of 2D materials also contains 2DEG in an atomic layer as a field effect transistor (FET) ultrathin channel. In this study, we synthesized double triangular MoS through a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain grain boundaries for forming a ripple structure in the FET channel.

Selection Role of Metal Oxides into Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers by a Direct Selenization Process.

Direct reduction of metal oxides into a few transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDCs) monolayers has been recently explored as an alternative method for large area and uniform deposition. However, not many studies have addressed the characteristics and requirement of the metal oxides into TMDCs by the selenization/sulfurization processes, yielding a wide range of outstanding properties to poor electrical characteristics with nonuniform films. The large difference implies that the process is yet not fully understood.

High-Current Gain Two-Dimensional MoS₂-Base Hot-Electron Transistors.

The vertical transport of nonequilibrium charge carriers through semiconductor heterostructures has led to milestones in electronics with the development of the hot-electron transistor. Recently, significant advances have been made with atomically sharp heterostructures implementing various two-dimensional materials. Although graphene-base hot-electron transistors show great promise for electronic switching at high frequencies, they are limited by their low current gain.

Pharmaceutical care of elderly patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Care of the elderly with diabetes is more complicated than that for other age groups. The elderly and/or those with multiple comorbidities are often excluded from randomized controlled trials of treatments for diabetes. The heterogeneity of health status of the elderly also increases the difficulty in diabetes care; therefore, diabetes care for the elderly should be individualized.

Piezoelectric effect in chemical vapour deposition-grown atomic-monolayer triangular molybdenum disulfide piezotronics.

High-performance piezoelectricity in monolayer semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides is highly desirable for the development of nanosensors, piezotronics and photo-piezotransistors. Here we report the experimental study of the theoretically predicted piezoelectric effect in triangle monolayer MoS2 devices under isotropic mechanical deformation. The experimental observation indicates that the conductivity of MoS2 devices can be actively modulated by the piezoelectric charge polarization-induced built-in electric field under strain variation.

Synthesis of (68)Ga-labeled NOTA-RGD-GE11 heterodimeric peptide for dual integrin and epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted tumor imaging.

Radiolabeled Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide analogs have been extensively studied for αvβ3 integrin-targeted angiogenesis imaging. According to recently presented evidence, the dodecapeptide GE11 has high affinity to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is overexpressed in many types of cancer. Dual-receptor molecular imaging probes with two different heterodimeric peptides exhibit improved cancer targeting efficacy.

Meta-Analysis of the Factor Structures of the Beck Depression Inventory-II.

Two meta-analyses examined the factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Study 1, which meta-analyzed 51 studies comprising 62 samples (N = 20,475) providing pattern matrices, determined that the two-factor solution comprising Cognitive and Somatic-Affective factors was supported for the full sample. The two-factor solution was also supported for subgroups of studies.

Discovery of Imigliptin, a Novel Selective DPP-4 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes.

We report our discovery of a novel series of potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitors. Starting from a lead identified by scaffold-hopping approach, our discovery and development efforts were focused on exploring structure-activity relationships, optimizing pharmacokinetic profile, improving in vitro and in vivo efficacy, and evaluating safety profile. The selected candidate, Imigliptin, is now undergoing clinical trial.

Polymer-free patterning of graphene at sub-10-nm scale by low-energy repetitive electron beam.

A polymer-free technique for generating nanopatterns on both synthesized and exfoliated graphene sheets is proposed and demonstrated. A low-energy (5-30 keV) scanning electron beam with variable repetition rates is used to etch suspended and unsuspended graphene sheets on designed locations. The patterning mechanisms involve a defect-induced knockout process in the initial etching stage and a heat-induced curling process in a later stage.

Resonant tunneling through discrete quantum states in stacked atomic-layered MoS2.

Two-dimensional crystals can be assembled into three-dimensional stacks with atomic layer precision, which have already shown plenty of fascinating physical phenomena and been used for prototype vertical-field-effect-transistors.1,2 In this work, interlayer electron tunneling in stacked high-quality crystalline MoS2 films were investigated. A trilayered MoS2 film was sandwiched between top and bottom electrodes with an adjacent bottom gate, and the discrete energy levels in each layer could be tuned by bias and gate voltages.

DNA molecule stretching through thermo-electrophoresis and thermal convection in a heated converging-diverging microchannel.

A novel DNA molecule stretching technique is developed and tested herein. Through a heated converging-diverging microchannel, thermal convection and thermophoresis induced by regional heating are shown to significantly elongate single DNA molecules; they are visualized via a confocal laser scanning microscopy. In addition, electrophoretic stretching is also implemented to examine the hybrid effect on the conformation and dynamics of single DNA molecules.