Evaluation of thyroid profile among children aged 1-15 years with nephrotic syndrome: An observation study.

Background: The interaction between the kidney and the thyroid is important for normal function of both organs. In nephrotic syndrome, proteinuria leads to loss of several proteins, which in turn causes hypothyroidism.

Aim: To assess the thyroid function in children with nephrotic syndrome.

The Role of Sirtuin-1 Isoforms in Regulating Mitochondrial Function.

The sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) gene contains multiple exons that usually undergo alternative splicing. The exclusion of one or more exons causes domain loss in the alternatively spliced isoforms and may change their functions. However, it is not completely established to what extent the loss of a non-catalytic domain could affect its regulatory function.

Physiological responses of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) exposed to increased carbon dioxide and reduced seawater salinities.

Background: The iono- and osmoregulatory capacities of marine teleosts, such as European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) are expected to be challenged by high carbon dioxide exposure, and the adverse effects of elevated CO could be amplified when such fish migrate into less buffered hypo-osmotic estuarine environments. Therefore, the effects of increased CO on the physiological responses of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) acclimated to 32 ppt, 10 ppt and 2.5 ppt were investigated.

Role of fetal hemoglobin in the development and progression of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to find the association between fetal hemoglobin (HbF) concentration and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants.

Methods: In this observational, prospective, longitudinal study, a total of 410 preterm infants with <36 gestational weeks and <2.5 kg birth weight, who were attending ROP clinic in a tertiary care hospital of central India for 1 year duration were included.

Psychiatric disorders and caregiver burden in children with transfusion dependent β-thalassaemia and their caregivers.

Background: Children with thalassemia need care from the first years of life owing to the physical and psychological effects of their disorder. Thalassemia is a concern not only for the children's physical health but also the mental health of themselves and their caregivers.

Aim: To screen the psychosocial problems and assessment of psychiatric morbidities among thalassaemic children and their caretakers, along with an assessment of caregiver burden in them.

Stress Levels in Mothers of Admitted Newborns in NICU and Effect of Counseling.

Objectives: To examine the effect of counseling on stress levels in mothers of neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).

Methods: This prospective research was carried out from January 2020 to December 2020 in a central India teaching hospital providing tertiary care. Parental Stressor Scale (PSS):NICU questionnaire was used to measure maternal stress among mothers of 540 admitted infants between 3 and 7 d of admission.

Risk Factors of Delirium in Children in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of delirium and its risk factors among children admitted to a Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Method: A descriptive study in which consecutive patients admitted to the PICU over a period of 12 months were screened daily for delirium using the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium (CAPD) score. Treatment-related and demographic variables were collected and analyzed.

Coping strategies in response to different levels of elevated water hardness in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus): Insight into ion-regulatory and histopathological modulations.

Water hardness above the optimal level can incite toxic effects in fish, which are often species specific. Hence, we aimed at obtaining insights on the potential effects of elevated water hardness as well as coping strategies in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). First, a toxicity assay was performed where the 96 h-LC was calculated as 4939 mg/L CaCO.

Paediatric COVID-19: Milder Presentation-A Silver Lining in Dark Cloud.

Objective: To assess the clinico-epidemiological profile of paediatric patients with Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection during the pandemic.

Methods: Clinico-epidemiological and laboratory profile of children between 1 month and 14 years were studied between 15 May and 31 July 2020, who had positive nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Results: A total of 30 children with median age of 10.

Differential modulation of oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, histomorphology, ion-regulation and growth marker gene expression in goldfish (Carassius auratus) following exposure to different dose of virgin microplastics.

Goldfish (Carassius auratus) juveniles were exposed to virgin polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC-MPs) in triplicate at 0, 0.1 or 0.5 mg/L for four days.

Oxidative stress, histopathological alterations and anti-oxidant capacity in different tissues of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) exposed to a newly developed sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate granular algaecide formulated with hydrogen peroxide.

Various strategies exist to control noxious cyanobacterial populations, although the application of a newly developed granular compound (sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate 'SCP', trade name 'PAK® 27' algaecide) containing hydrogen peroxide (HO) as the active ingredient, has been recently proven as an effective and ecofriendly treatment. However, in aquaculture settings the application of SCP to treat cynobacterial blooms may affect non-targeted biota, such as fish due to HO being known to elicit toxic oxidative stress. Consequently, a better understanding of the side effects as a function of dosing concentrations would help to improve treatment efficacy and fish welfare.

Physiological trade-offs, acid-base balance and ion-osmoregulatory plasticity in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles under complex scenarios of salinity variation, ocean acidification and high ammonia challenge.

In this era of global climate change, ocean acidification is becoming a serious threat to the marine ecosystem. Despite this, it remains almost unknown how fish will respond to the co-occurrence of ocean acidification with other conventional environmental perturbations typically salinity fluctuation and high ammonia threat. Therefore, the present work evaluated the interactive effects of elevated pCO, salinity reduction and high environmental ammonia (HEA) on the ecophysiological performance of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax).

Role of Vitamin-D Deficiency in Term Neonates with Late-Onset Sepsis: A Case-Control Study.

Objective: To find the relationship between vitamin-D levels and late-onset sepsis (LOS) in term neonates.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary care teaching institution in central India. Full-term neonates with culture-proven LOS were taken as cases.

Exercise improves growth, alters physiological performance and gene expression in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

It has been suggested that induced swimming has the potential to improve the growth performance of fish. We tested this hypothesis by measuring growth, metabolic efficiency and physiological capacity of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish were swum at different exercise regimes: 0.

Pre-acclimation to low ammonia improves ammonia handling in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) when exposed subsequently to high environmental ammonia.

We tested whether exposing fish to low ammonia concentrations induced acclimation processes and helped fish to tolerate subsequent (sub)lethal ammonia exposure by activating ammonia excretory pathways. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were pre-exposed to 0.27mM ammonia (∼10% 96h LC) for 3, 7 and 14days.

Differential modulation of ammonia excretion, Rhesus glycoproteins and ion-regulation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) following individual and combined exposure to waterborne copper and ammonia.

The main objective of this study was to understand the mode of interaction between waterborne copper (Cu) and high environmental ammonia (HEA) exposure on freshwater fish, and how they influence the toxicity of each other when present together. For this purpose, individual and combined effects of Cu and HEA were examined on selected physiological and ion-regulatory processes and changes at transcript level in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Juvenile carp were exposed to 2.

Study of serum zinc in low birth weight neonates and its relation with maternal zinc.

Objective: Assessment of serum Zinc in LBW (Low Birth Weight) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates in relation to their maternal zinc level.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital of central India between August 2011 to July 2012. Serum samples were collected from the eligible LBW (preterm & term IUGR) and term AGA healthy neonates and their mothers for zinc level estimation.

Multidrug-resistant tubercular liver abscess in β-thalassemia.

Background: Liver abscesses in thalassemics are predominantly pyogenic.

Case Characteristics: 12-year-old thalassemic boy with abdominal pain and high grade fever for 15 days.

Observation: CT abdomen revealed multiple liver abscesses.

Intravenous Ketamine for Refractory Bronchospasm Precipitated by H1N1 Infection.

Acute severe bronchospasm is an emergency situation and sometimes these children may fail to respond to conventional treatment and deteriorate rapidly to respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. We present a case of 2-year-old girl, who presented with severe bronchospasm resulting in respiratory failure not responding to conventional management including mechanical ventilation and was found to be H1N1 positive. She was treated with ketamine infusion, which led to prompt improvement in airway obstruction.

Assessment of iron status and red cell parameters in healthy full term small for gestational age neonates at birth.

Background: Hematological values of the newborn babies vary according to the gestational age and intrauterine growth.

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the iron status and red cell parameters in healthy term small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates.

Materials And Methods: A prospective hospital based study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching institution of central India.