Effect of Sustained Interventions from Infancy to Toddlerhood in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate for Preventing Early Childhood Caries.

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sustained interventions in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) for preventing early childhood caries (ECC). This prospective, nonrandomized interventional cohort study was conducted in infants aged 0-12 months with congenital CLP. Interventions were given to parents/primary caregivers in the form of combined oral health-care measures (sterile wet gauze piece, finger brush, toothbrush, and toothpaste) by a motivational interviewing approach.

Maternal Vitamin B Status and Risk of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate Birth Defects in Tamil Nadu State, India.

Background And Objective: The causal role of maternal nutrition in orofacial clefts is uncertain. We tested hypotheses that low maternal vitamin B and low folate status are each associated with an increased risk of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P) in a case-control study in Tamil Nadu state, India.

Methods: Case-mothers of CL±P children (n = 47) and control-mothers of unaffected children (n = 50) were recruited an average of 1.

A Comparative Study of Two Infant Feeding Tools: The Nifty Cup and The Paladai.

Objective: The World Health Organization recommends that infants unable to feed directly at the breast in low resource settings be cup fed with hand expressed breastmilk. No standard feeding cup exists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the design of the Nifty cup, a newly designed feeding cup, as compared to the paladai and to assess acceptability among mothers and health care providers.

Burden of Care: Management of Cleft Lip and Palate.

Burden of care has become a commonly used terminology in healthcare in the recent years. Burden of care is the balance how much patients and families commit to their time, compromise quality of life, undergo multiple interventions, and take risks weighing against the benefits the patients and families receive. Cleft lip and palate, congenital anomaly, demands a long-term and interdisciplinary care.

The refinement of the median tubercle of cleft lip.

Aim: Repair of cleft lip aims to bring symmetry and provide normal aesthetics for the lip. Several techniques have been employed; however, the finer aspect of median lip tubercle has not been emphasised in cleft lip repair.

Materials And Methods: We have modified cleft lip repair, both unilateral and bilateral, preserving all the tissues of the median tubercle to provide normal-looking median tubercle of the lip.

Transmission analysis of TGFB1 gene polymorphisms in non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate.

Objectives: Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) plays a significant role in craniofacial development. Previous linkage studies reported that the TGF-β1-locus at 19q13.1 harbour predisposing genes for non-syndromic oral clefts.

IRF6 rs2235375 single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with isolated non-syndromic cleft palate but not with cleft lip with or without palate in South Indian population.

Introduction: Transcription factors are very diverse family of proteins involved in activating or repressing the transcription of a gene at a given time. Several studies using animal models demonstrated the role of transcription factor genes in craniofacial development.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association of IRF6 intron-6 polymorphism in the non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate in a South Indian population.

Pre-maxillary complex morphology in bilateral cleft and hypothesis on laterality of deviated pre-maxilla.

Introduction: Pre-maxillary complex (pre-maxilla [PMX] + vomer) morphology in bilateral complete cleft of primary and secondary palate (BCLCP) is very complex and less reviewed in literature.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 200 consecutive BCLCP patients were selected. Their pre-operative clinical photographs and dental casts were evaluated by a single investigator at two different points of time, to study the morphology of PMX and vomer with special emphasis on deviation of vomer and rotation of PMX.

Association of TFAP2A gene polymorphism with susceptibility to non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate risk in south Indian population.

The aetiology of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is complex involving multiple interacting genes and environmental factors. The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the role of TFAP2A gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pathogenesis of NSCL/P. In this study, 173 unrelated NSCL/P patients and 176 controls without clefts were genotyped with TFAP2A rs1675414 (Exon 1), rs3798691 (Intron 1), and rs303050 (Intron 4) variants by allele-specific amplification using the KASPar SNP genotyping system.

Best Practices for the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Infants With Robin Sequence: A Clinical Consensus Report.

Importance: Robin sequence (RS) is a congenital condition characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, and upper airway obstruction. Currently, no consensus exists regarding the diagnosis and evaluation of children with RS. An international, multidisciplinary consensus group was formed to begin to overcome this limitation.

SATB2 gene variants in non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Indian population.

Objectives: Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is one of the most common craniofacial birth defects and little is known about its aetiology. Initial studies of cytogenetic analysis provided the clues for possible genes involved in the pathogenesis of NSCL/P. This approach led to the identification of SATB2 gene on 2q32-q33.

Polymorphic variants near 1p22 and 20q11.2 loci and the risk of non-syndromic cleft lip and palate in South Indian population.

Background: Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have reported multiple genetic risk loci for non-syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFCs) in many populations. However, the contribution of these loci to NSOFC in India, which comprises one-fifth of the global population, is completely lacking. Our aim was to replicate the association of the SNPs located on 1p22 chromosomal loci (rs540026, rs481931) and 20q11.

Management of post midface distraction occlusal discrepancy using temporary anchorage devices in a cleft patient.

Open bite deformity following a successful midface advancement by distraction osteogenesis is a common complication. Temporary anchorage devices can be deployed during the distraction and post-distraction settling phases for restoring the occlusion even in severe cases. The following report describes the management of severe anterior open bite following maxillary distraction.

A randomized controlled trial comparing two techniques for unilateral cleft lip and palate: Growth and speech outcomes during mixed dentition.

Objective: To study the growth and speech outcomes in children who were operated on for unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) by a single surgeon using two different treatment protocols.

Material And Methods: A total of 200 consecutive patients with nonsyndromic UCLP were randomly allocated to two different treatment protocols. Of the 200 patients, 179 completed the protocol.

Evidence of the involvement of the polymorphisms near MSX1 gene in non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate.

Objective: Non-syndromic cleft lip, with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common craniofacial birth defect, characterised by an incomplete separation between nasal and oral cavities without any other congenital anomaly in humans. Several genes which play a role in cell differentiation, migration, growth and apoptosis, have been associated with clefting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near MSX1 gene and NSCL/P among South Indian population.

Two promoter polymorphisms in TBX22 are associated with the risk of NSCLP in Indian women.

The aetiology of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) is complex and involves both genetic and environmental risk factors. Classical research has shown that growth and patterning of the developing palatal shelves depend on epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Expression of several signalling molecules and transcription factors in the anterior palate during early palate development has been documented.

Weight Gain Pattern of Infants with Orofacial Cleft on Three Types of Feeding Techniques.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of the three feeding techniques commonly used in authors' setup in improving the weight gain pattern of children with orofacial cleft.

Methods: A cohort prospective study was employed. A total sample of 150 infants at the age of 2 mo with cleft of both lip and palate were recruited and followed bimonthly until their first birthday to assess the pattern of weight gain.

Significant association of MTHFD1 1958G>A single nucleotide polymorphism with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in Indian population.

Objective: Nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) is genetically distinct from those with syndromic clefts, and accounts for ~70% of cases with Oral clefts. Folate, or vitamin B9, is an essential nutrient in our diet. Allelic variants in genes involved in the folate pathway might be expected to have an impact on risk of oral clefts.

Relationship between reduced folate carrier gene polymorphism and non-syndromic cleft lip and palate in Indian population.

Objective: Folate metabolism involves absorption, transport, modifications and interconversions of folates. The reduced folate carrier does not participate directly in folate metabolism but plays a major role in intracellular transport of metabolically active 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and maintains the intracellular concentrations of folate. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC1) A80G polymorphism and to further delineate its association with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) in a south Indian population.

CBS c.844ins68 Polymorphism Frequencies in Control Populations: Implications on Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip With or Without Cleft Palate.

Introduction: Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) is a common birth defect with substantial clinical and social impact. Folate deficiency is one of the factors that have been associated with increased risk for NSCLP. Polymorphisms in folate and homocysteine pathway genes may act as susceptibility factors.