PROTACs: Current Trends in Protein Degradation by Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras.

In the recent past, proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology has received enormous attention for its ability to overcome the limitations of protein inhibitors and its capability to target undruggable proteins. The PROTAC molecule consists of three components, a ubiquitin E3 ligase ligand, a linker, and a target protein ligand. The application of this technology is rapidly gaining momentum, especially in cancer therapy.

Efavirenz Loaded Mixed Polymeric Micelles: Formulation, Optimization, and Characterization.

Efavirenz (EFZ) is a biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) Class-II, first-line antiretroviral (ARV) drug. However, its utility through the oral route is restricted by its poor solubility. The objective of this study was to formulate EFZ-loaded binary-mixed micelles as a potential carrier for oral administration of EFZ.

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Virus-Pathophysiological Axis and the Current Treatment Strategies.

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a lethal respiratory disease with its first case reported back in 2012 (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia). It is a novel, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA beta coronavirus (MERS-CoV) that was isolated from a patient who died from a severe respiratory illness. Later, it was found that this patient was infected with MERS.

Cocrystals of Apixaban with Improved Solubility and Permeability: Formulation, Physicochemical Characterization, Pharmacokinetic Evaluation, and Computational Studies.

in vivo in vitro

Changes in plasma biochemical parameters and hormones during transition period in Beetal goats carrying single and twin fetus.

Aim: The study was undertaken to find out the changes in biochemical and hormonal profile during transition period in single- and twin-bearing Beetal goats.

Materials And Methods: Beetal goats are reared in North India for milk and meat purposes, popularly called poor man's cow, serving as a source of livelihood. The present study was conducted on Beetal goats, maintained at a goat farm, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, for characterization of plasma biochemical and hormonal changes during transitional phase in pregnant goats carrying single and twin fetus.

Formulation and Evaluation of Casein Nanoparticles as Carrier for Celecoxib.

The objective of this work was to formulate casein (CAS) nanocarriers for the dissolution enhancement of poorly water soluble drug celecoxib (CLXB). The CLXB loaded CAS nanocarriers ., nanoparticles, reassembled CAS micelles and nanocapsules were prepared using sodium caseinate (SOD-CAS) as a carrier to enhance the solubility of CLXB.

Formulation and solid state characterization of carboxylic acid-based co-crystals of tinidazole: An approach to enhance solubility.

Background: Tinidazole (TNZ) is an anti-parasite drug used in the treatment of a variety of amebic and parasitic infections. It has low solubility in aqueous media and is categorized under Class II of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to study the potential for enhancing the solubility of TNZ using carboxylic acid co-crystals.

Formulation and characterization of oral rapid disintegrating tablets of levocetirizine.

Background: Levocetirizine, active R (-) enantiomer of cetirizine, is an orally active and selective H1 receptor antagonist used medically as an anti-allergic. Allergic rhinitis is a symptomatic disorder of the nose induced by inflammation mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the membrane lining the nose after allergen exposure.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to prepare rapidly disintegrating tablets of levocetirizine after its complexation with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD).

Preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of tablets containing microwave-assisted solid dispersions of apremilast.

Background: Solid dispersions are among the techniques successfully employed to enhance the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs. Microwave (MW)-assisted evaporative crystallization has been used to prepare solid dispersions of drugs and polymers.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the solubility of apremilast (APM) in water by exploring the effect of MW-assisted solid dispersion technology.

Skin Targeting of Oxiconazole Nitrate Loaded Nanostructured Lipid- Carrier Gel for Fungal Infections.

Background: The progression of fungal infections can be rapid and serious due to compromising with immune function. They may cause liver damage, affect estrogen levels or may cause allergic reactions. Oxiconazole nitrate (OXZN) is a broad spectrum commonly used antifungal drug.

Improving the solubility of nevirapine using A hydrotropy and mixed hydrotropy based solid dispersion approach.

Background: Nevirapine, an antiviral drug, is a potent reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). It is used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV type-1 (HIV-1) infection and AIDS. Nevirapine is a BCS class II drug which shows dissolution rate limited absorption.

Formulation and Evaluation of Niosomal in situ Nasal Gel of a Serotonin Receptor Agonist, Buspirone Hydrochloride for the Brain Delivery via Intranasal Route.

Background: Buspirone Hydrochloride is an anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to azaspirodecanedione class of compounds used in the treatment of anxiety disorders. It has short half-life (2-3h) and low oral bioavailability (4%) due to extensive first pass metabolism.

Objective: The nasal mucosa has several advantages viz.

Formulation, Characterization and In-vitro Evaluation of Fast Dissolv ing Tablets Containing Gliclazide Hydrotropic Solid Dispersions.

Background: Low aqueous solubility is a major problem faced with new drug molecules. The purpose of this research was to provide a fast dissolving oral dosage form of Gliclazide (GLZ) using the concept of mixed hydrotropy. The recent patents on Adenosine (US20140107059A1), Growth hormone releasing factor peptide (EP0984788A1) and Paclitaxel (WO2002030466A2) helped in selecting the hydrotropes.

Formulation and evaluation of proniosomes containing lornoxicam.

Proniosomes are the new generation provesicular drug delivery system of non-ionic surfactant, lecithin and cholesterol which upon reconstitution get converted into niosomes. The objective of current study was to develop stable and sustain transdermal delivery system for lornoxicam. Lornoxicam-loaded topically applied proniosomal gel was formulated, optimized, and evaluated with the aim to deliver drug transdermally.

Development and evaluation of in situ gel of pregabalin.

Aim And Background: Pregabalin (PRG), an analog of gamma-aminobutyric acid, reduces the release of many neurotransmitters, including glutamate, and noradrenaline. It is used for the treatment of epilepsy; simple and complex partial convulsion. The present research work aims to ensure a high drug absorption by retarding the advancement of PRG formulation through the gastrointestinal tract.

Solubility enhancement studies on lurasidone hydrochloride using mixed hydrotropy.

Low aqueous solubility is a major problem faced during formulation development of new drug molecules. Lurasidone HCl (LRD) is an antipsychotic agent specially used in the treatments of schizophrenia and is a good example of the problems associated with low aqueous solubility. Lurasidone is practically insoluble in water, has poor bioavailability and slow onset of action and therefore cannot be given in emergency clinical situations like schizophrenia.

Development and evaluation of solid lipid nanoparticles of mometasone furoate for topical delivery.

Introduction: Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are the new generation of submicron sized lipid emulsions where liquid lipid (oil) has been substituted by solid lipid. Lipids used in the formulation are safe, stable and biodegradable in nature. SLNs offer various advantages for topical drug delivery like ability of deposition into skin with the reduced systemic exposure and reduced local side-effects along with providing sustained release of drug.

Multiresidue analysis of neonicotinoids by solid-phase extraction technique using high-performance liquid chromatography.

For routine monitoring of pesticides, a multiresidue analysis through solid-phase extraction technique and using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in cotton seed cake (CSC) has been developed. Extraction of fortified samples was carried out with aqueous acetone under vacuum. The concentrated extract was loaded onto the solid-phase extraction units, preconditioned with acetonitrile.

Growth, feed efficiency and blood profile of buffalo calves consuming high levels of fluoride: growth and blood metabolites in buffaloes fed high fluoride.

Twelve male buffalo calves of 10 to 12 months of age were divided into 3 groups of four each. They were fed wheat straw+concentrate mixture +3 Kg greens. The chemical composition of the diet was same in all the three groups except fluoride which was added (as NaF) in concentrate mixture of group B and C to make the final fluoride concentration 30 ppm and 60 ppm respectively.