Ultra-fast switching memristors based on two-dimensional materials.

The ability to scale two-dimensional (2D) material thickness down to a single monolayer presents a promising opportunity to realize high-speed energy-efficient memristors. Here, we report an ultra-fast memristor fabricated using atomically thin sheets of 2D hexagonal Boron Nitride, exhibiting the shortest observed switching speed (120 ps) among 2D memristors and low switching energy (2pJ). Furthermore, we study the switching dynamics of these memristors using ultra-short (120ps-3ns) voltage pulses, a frequency range that is highly relevant in the context of modern complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuits.

Antidiabetic potential of thiazolidinedione derivatives with efficient design, molecular docking, structural activity relationship, and biological activity: an update review (2021-2023).

Thiazolidinedione has been used successfully by medicinal chemists all over the world in the development of potent antidiabetic derivatives. The few compounds with excellent antidiabetic potency that we have identified in this review could be used as a lead for further research into additional antidiabetic mechanisms. The information provided in this review regarding the design, biological activity, structure-activity relationships, and docking studies may be useful for scientists who wish to further explore this scaffold in order to fully utilize its biological potential and develop antidiabetic agents that would overcome the limitations of currently available medications for the treatment of diabetes.

Self-Compliant Threshold Switching Devices with High On/Off ratio by Control of Quantized Conductance in Ag Filaments.

Threshold switches based on conductive metal bridge devices are useful as selectors to block sneak leakage paths in memristor arrays used in neuromorphic computing and emerging nonvolatile memory. We demonstrate that control of Ag-cation concentration in AlO electrolyte and Ag filament size and density play an important role in the high on/off ratio and self-compliance of metal-ion-based volatile threshold switching devices. To control Ag-cation diffusion, we inserted an engineered defective graphene monolayer between the Ag electrode and the AlO electrolyte.

Shikonin derivatives as potent xanthine oxidase inhibitors: study.

Induction of hypersensitivity reactions (may be fatal too) by specific XO inhibitors has led to development of new molecules that are efficacious and have safer ADME profile. Among natural compounds, biologically active Alkannin/Shikonin (A/S) derivatives have unexplored XO inhibition potential. Therefore, their -hexenylnaphthazarin nucleus was studied and found that the nucleus is similar to that of allopurinol, signifying the XO inhibitory potential of these derivatives.

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors: patent landscape and phases of clinical development (2001-2021).

Introduction: Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) plays an important role in the biosynthesis of amino acid and folic acid. It participates by reducing dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate, in the presence of nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate cofactor, and has been verified by various clinical studies to use DHFR as a target for the treatment of cancer and various bacterial infections.

Area Covered: In this review, we have disclosed patents of synthetics and natural DHFR inhibitors with diaminopyrimidine and quinazoline nucleus from 2001.

Community of Inquiry framework to evaluate an online obstetric and neonatal emergency simulation workshop for health professional students in India.

Background: We transitioned our obstetric neonatal emergency simulation (ONE-Sim) workshops to an online format during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we evaluated key learning acquired by undergraduate medical and nursing students attending the online ONE-Sim workshops from a low- and middle-income country (LMIC).

Methods: Student perception of online workshops was collected using electronic questionnaires.

Highly Selective Ethyl Mercaptan Sensing Using a MoSe/SnO Composite at Room Temperature.

Volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) serve not only as biomarkers for dental diseases such as halitosis but also as a tracer for monitoring air quality. Room-temperature selective detection and superior sensitivity against VOSCs at a sub-ppm level has remained a challenging task. Here, we propose a heterostructure-based design using a MoSe/SnO composite for achieving sensitive and selective detection of ethyl mercaptan at room temperature.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of isatin-indole-3-carboxaldehyde hybrids as a new class of xanthine oxidase inhibitors.

A novel series of triazole-linked isatin-indole-3-carboxaldehyde hybrids based on the febuxostat skeleton and its binding site interactions were rationally designed and synthesized as potential xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Among the synthesized hybrids, A19 showed the most potent xanthine oxidase inhibition (IC  = 0.37 µM) with the mixed-type inhibitory scenario.

Donepezil-Inspired Multitargeting Indanone Derivatives as Effective Anti-Alzheimer's Agents.

In continuous efforts to develop anti-Alzheimer's agents, we rationally designed and synthesized a series of multitargeting molecules by incorporating the essential molecular features of the standard drug donepezil. Among the series, compound showed multitargeting properties to act as an anti-Alzheimer's agent, which is better tolerable in vivo than donepezil. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition data showed that compound inhibits the enzyme with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) value of 0.

Discovery of potent inhibitors for M enzyme of SARS-COV2 by multi-stage in-silico screening of Alkannin/shikonin.

Novel coronavirus disease, a serious challenge for the healthcare system, has diverted all the researchers toward the exploration of potential targets, compounds or vaccines for the management of this disease. M enzyme was found to be crucial for replication of this virus which makes this enzyme an attractive drug target for SARS-CoV-2. Diverse pharmacological profile of Alkannin/shikonin (A/S) derivatives build up curiosity to study their antiviral profile.

Study to assess the home-based newborn care (HBNC) visit in rural area of Lucknow: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Home-based newborn care (HBNC) is a strategy adopted by government of India to overcome the burden of newborn deaths in the first week of life, it provides continuum of care for newborn and post-natal mothers. HBNC introduced since 2011 is centred around Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) and it is the main community-based approach to newborn health.

Aims And Objectives: The objective of the present study was to assess the HBNC during HBNC visit in rural area of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (U.

Postnatal newborn care practices and knowledge of newborn danger signs among mothers in rural area of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The postnatal period is the most critical period for mothers and her newborn especially during the hours and days after birth. Proper utilization of postnatal care services plays a vital role in dropping the maternal mortality ratio and infant mortality rate.

Methods: The community based, cross-sectional study was carried out in the field practice area of Primary Health Centre (PHC) Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow UP.

Correction to: Unmet need for family planning services among young married women (15-24 years) living in urban slums of India.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Most recent strategies targeting estrogen receptor alpha for the treatment of breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most prominent, frequently diagnosed and leading cause of death among women. Estrogen is an agonist of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α), expressed in mammary glands and is responsible for initiating many signalling pathways that lead to differentiation and development of breast tissue. Any mutations in these signalling pathways result in irregular growth of mammary tissue, leading to the development of tumour or cancer.

Unmet need for family planning services among young married women (15-24 years) living in urban slums of India.

Background: NFHS-4 stated high unmet need for family planning (FP) among married women in Uttar Pradesh. Unmet need is highest among age groups: 15-19 and 20-24 years. Currently few data is available about unmet need for FP among vulnerable section of the community, i.

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors: patent landscape and clinical development (2015-2020).

Introduction: Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a molybdoflavoprotein that catalyzes the oxidative hydroxylation of purines to produce uric acid and reactive oxygen species. These reaction products can cause severe disease conditions like hyperuricemia which makes XO enzyme, an important therapeutic target in diseases like gout.

Areas Covered: Herein, patents from 2015 to 2020 are discussed to disclose the synthetic, as well as natural compounds, claimed to inhibit XO enzyme.

Rational approaches for the design of various GABA modulators and their clinical progression.

GABA (γ-amino butyric acid) is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Attenuation of GABAergic neurotransmission plays an important role in the etiology of several neurological disorders including epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, migraine, Parkinson's disease, neuropathic pain, and depression. Increase in the GABAergic activity may be achieved through direct agonism at the GABA receptors, inhibition of enzymatic breakdown of GABA, or by inhibition of the GABA transport proteins (GATs).

Monocarbonyl Curcumin-Based Molecular Hybrids as Potent Antibacterial Agents.

Keeping in view various pharmacological attributes of curcumin, coumarin, and isatin derivatives, triazole-tethered monocarbonyl curcumin-coumarin and curcumin-isatin molecular hybrids have been synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial potential against Gram-positive ( and ) and Gram-negative ( and ) human pathogenic bacterial strains. Among all hybrid molecules, and showed the most potent antibacterial activity with inhibition zones of 29 and 31 mm along with MIC values of 12.50 and 6.

Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies of Novel Indolinedione-Coumarin Molecular Hybrids.

Keeping in view various pharmacological attributes of indole and coumarin derivatives, a new series of indolindione-coumarin molecular hybrids was rationally designed and synthesized. All synthesized hybrid molecules were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential against Gram-negative bacterial strains ( and ), Gram-positive bacterial strains ( and ), and four fungal strains (, , sp., and ) by using the agar gel diffusion method.

Effect of focused birth preparedness and complication readiness counseling on pregnancy outcome among females attending tertiary care hospital in Barabanki district, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Context: Measures related to birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) during pregnancy play an important role in producing better pregnancy outcome. If the pregnant females are properly counseled during antenatal visits, it could help in bringing out desirable behavior changes.

Aims: This study aims to study BPCR-related awareness and practices among the pregnant females and the effect of focused and structured birth preparedness counseling on complication readiness among pregnant females.

Rational approaches, design strategies, structure activity relationship and mechanistic insights for therapeutic coumarin hybrids.

Hybrid molecules, furnished by combining two or more pharmacophores is an emerging concept in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug discovery that has attracted substantial traction in the past few years. Naturally occurring scaffolds such as coumarins display a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities including anticancer, antibiotic, antidiabetic and others, by acting on multiple targets. In this view, various coumarin-based hybrids possessing diverse medicinal attributes were synthesized in the last five years by conjugating coumarin moiety with other therapeutic pharmacophores.

Introduction of an undergraduate interprofessional simulation based skills training program in obstetrics and gynaecology in India.

Interprofessional simulation based education (SBE) improves core clinical skills and team training in obstetrics and gynaecology. In this innovative study, the introduction of an undergraduate interprofessional SBE program for teaching obstetrics and gynaecology skills in India was evaluated. The study attempted to evaluate the feasibility and benefit of the interprofessional skills training workshop in obstetrics and gynaecology, which was introduced for medical and midwifery students in a secondary level hospital in India.