Encapsulation and release of tetrabromobisphenol A in microplastics: Trade-off in their individual toxicity to Xenopus tropicalis tadpoles.

The toxicity of microplastics (MPs) to aquatic animals is closely related to the presence and release kinetics of contained additives, as most plastic products contain various additives. However, the relationship between the occurrence and release of additives from MPs, and their individual or combined toxicity remains unclear. In this study, the nanoscale distribution and release of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA, a common flame retardant with endocrine-disrupting effect) in polystyrene (PS) MPs, and the long-term (60 days) toxicity of TBBPA and MPs containing TBBPA (at doses of 0 %, 1 %, 10 %, w/w) to Xenopus tropicalis tadpoles were investigated.

Accumulation of microplastics in tadpoles from different functional zones in Hangzhou Great Bay Area, China: Relation to growth stage and feeding habits.

Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in freshwater ecosystems, including inland small waterbodies (e.g., ponds and ditches), which are unique habitats for tadpoles.

Microplastics generated under simulated fire scenarios: Characteristics, antimony leaching, and toxicity.

Intentional or incidental thermal changes inevitably occur during the lifecycle of plastics. High temperatures accelerate the aging of plastics and promote their fragmentation to microplastics (MPs). However, there is little information available on the release of MPs after fires.