Progranulin serum levels and gene expression in subcutaneous vs visceral adipose tissue of severely obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Background: Progranulin represents an adipokine putatively mediating insulin resistance and inflammation. Data in humans are sparse, and the source of circulating progranulin in obesity is unknown.

Objectives: Serum progranulin concentrations and subcutaneous (sc) as well as visceral (vis) adipose tissue (AT) progranulin expression were quantified in a large cohort of patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery (BS) (n = 153) or a low-calorie diet (LCD) (n = 121).

Evidence of functional bile acid signaling pathways in adipocytes.

Background And Aim: Bile acids (BA) are increasingly recognized as pleiotropic and hormone-like signaling molecules with metabolic and endocrine functions. However, the role of BA in white adipocyte physiology remains somewhat obscure. It was the aim to investigate the BA receptors (FXR, TGR5) and FGFR1 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1) as well as Bsep (bile salt export pump) in white adipocytes and in murine and human adipose tissue (AT) and to investigate effects of different BA species in adipocyte physiology.

Innate Immunity of Adipose Tissue in Rodent Models of Local and Systemic Infection.

. The role of adipose tissue in systemic inflammation during bacterial infection is unclear. Effects of infection on adipocytes in rodent models of experimental endocarditis and peritonitis, the impact of infection on gene expression in epididymal and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and effects of infection on the toll-like receptor-2- (TLR2-) cathelicidin pathway in vivo and in vitro were investigated.

Quantification and regulation of the adipokines resistin and progranulin in human cerebrospinal fluid.

Background: Adipokines bearing the potential to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are promising candidates for the endocrine regulation of central nervous processes and of a postulated fat-brain axis. Resistin and progranulin concentrations in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients undergoing neurological evaluation and spinal puncture were investigated.

Materials And Methods: Samples of n = 270 consecutive patients with various neurological diseases were collected without prior selection.

Quantification and regulation of adipsin in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Context: Data on quantification and regulation of adipsin in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are sparse, and the physiological role of adipsin as an adipokine crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is uncertain.

Objectives: This study quantified adipsin concentrations in paired serum and CSF samples of patients undergoing neurological evaluation and spinal puncture.

Design: A total of 270 consecutive patients with specified neurological diagnosis were included in this study without prior selection.