The simulation of terrible triad injuries in fresh-frozen human cadaveric specimens with intact soft tissue envelope.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to develop a technical process to reproducibly generate terrible triad injuries (TTI) in fresh-frozen human cadaveric specimens, while leaving the skin intact. Such "pre-fractured" specimens, used for scientific analysis and for surgical education, might help to improve current treatment, which is complex and prone to complications.

Materials And Methods: To induce the desired fractures, a custom-made fracturing unit was used to apply an axial force on the extended cadaveric elbow specimens, with the forearm pronated and under valgus load.

The microvascular anatomy of the talus: a plastination study on the influence of total ankle replacement.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to systematize the arterial supply of the talus and characterize the vessel damage occurring in the talus after total ankle replacement. Previous studies exist using vascular injection to visualize the topic [Giebel et al. (Surg Radiol Anat 19:231-235, 1997); Mulfinger and Trueta (J Bone Joint Surg Br 52:160-167, 1970); Peterson et al.

The interspinous spacer: a clinicoanatomical investigation using plastination.

Purpose. The relatively new and less-invasive therapeutic alternative "interspinous process decompression device (IPD)" is expected to result in improved symptoms of neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC) caused by lumbar spinal stenosis. The aim of the study was to analyze IPD position particularly regarding damage originating from surgical implantation.

Effects of impaction on cement mantle and trabecular bone in hip resurfacing.

Introduction: Failures involving the femoral part in hip resurfacing remain problematic in terms of overall implant survival. In this context, effects of impaction strength on cement mantle morphology and trabecular bone damage have not been studied to date.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen paired cadaveric femora that had undergone hard and gently impacted hip resurfacing using a manual packing cementing technique in a previous study, were evaluated morphologically.

The microvascular anatomy of the metatarsal bones: a plastination study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to categorize and systematize the arterial supply of the metatarsal bones and furthermore the observation of arterial lesions after frequently performed forefoot surgeries.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two cadaver feet were analyzed by two plastination methods and the enzyme maceration method. Five forefoot surgeries were performed after arterial injections.

Neutral sphingomyelinase (SMPD3) deficiency causes a novel form of chondrodysplasia and dwarfism that is rescued by Col2A1-driven smpd3 transgene expression.

Neutral sphingomyelinase SMPD3 (nSMase2), a sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, resides in the Golgi apparatus and is ubiquitously expressed. Gene ablation of smpd3 causes a generalized prolongation of the cell cycle that leads to late embryonic and juvenile hypoplasia because of the SMPD3 deficiency in hypothalamic neurosecretory neurons. We show here that this novel form of combined pituitary hormone deficiency is characterized by the perturbation of the hypothalamus-pituitary growth axis, associated with retarded chondrocyte development and enchondral ossification in the epiphyseal growth plate.

Characterization of a new rat model of experimental combined neurotrauma.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is present in two-thirds of patients with multiple injuries and in one-third combined with injuries of the extremities. Studies on interactive effects between central and peripheral injuries are scarce due to the absence of clinically relevant models. To meet the demand for "more-hit" models, an experimental model of combined neurotrauma (CNT) incorporating a standardized TBI via lateral fluid percussion (LFP) together with a peripheral bone fracture, i.

Functional gliding spaces of the dorsal side of the human hand.

The clinical and functional importance of gliding spaces of the hand (e.g., their role in the spread of infection or as a consideration in reconstructive surgery) has been repeatedly emphasized.

Optimization of glycol methacrylate embedding of large specimens in neurological research. Study of rat skull-brain specimens after implantation of polyester meshes.

Advances in neuroscience require better anatomical knowledge of neuronal architecture and structural details. Optimal embedding techniques are the basis for precise morphometric studies in section series as well as for the evaluation of tissue specimens or implants of differing hardness. There are very few methods for preparing large specimens by resin embedding, although resins such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) are presently in use.