Correction: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of experimental chronic kidney disease: A quantitative correlation study with histology.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Transcription factor Fra-1 targets arginase-1 to enhance macrophage-mediated inflammation in arthritis.

The polarization of macrophages is regulated by transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1). In this manuscript, we delineated the role of the transcription factor Fos-related antigen 1 (Fra-1) during macrophage activation and development of arthritis. Network level interaction analysis of microarray data derived from Fra-1- or Fra-2-deficient macrophages revealed a central role of Fra-1, but not of Fra-2 in orchestrating the expression of genes related to wound response, toll-like receptor activation and interleukin signaling.

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of experimental chronic kidney disease: A quantitative correlation study with histology.

Objectives: In human chronic kidney disease (CKD) the extent of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis correlates with progressive loss of renal function. However, fibrosis can so far only be assessed by histology of kidney biopsies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide information about tissue architecture, but its potential to assess fibrosis and inflammation in diseased kidneys remains poorly defined.

Anti-Transforming Growth Factor β IgG Elicits a Dual Effect on Calcium Oxalate Crystallization and Progressive Nephrocalcinosis-Related Chronic Kidney Disease.

Crystallopathies are a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by intrinsic or environmental microparticles or crystals, promoting tissue inflammation and scarring. Certain proteins interfere with crystal formation and growth, e.g.

Dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging: evaluation of size-dependent imaging properties, storage stability and safety.

Background: Rising criticism of currently available contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, either due to their side effects or limited possibilities in terms of functional imaging, evoked the need for safer and more versatile agents. We previously demonstrated the suitability of novel dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) for biomedical applications in terms of safety and biocompatibility.

Methods: In the present study, we investigated the size-dependent cross-linking process of these particles as well as the size dependency of their imaging properties.

Neonatal nephron loss during active nephrogenesis - detrimental impact with long-term renal consequences.

Neonatal nephron loss may follow hypoxic-ischemic events or nephrotoxic medications. Its long-term effects on the kidney are still unclear. Unlike term infants, preterm neonates less than 36 weeks gestational age show ongoing nephrogenesis.

The macrophage phenotype and inflammasome component NLRP3 contributes to nephrocalcinosis-related chronic kidney disease independent from IL-1-mediated tissue injury.

Primary/secondary hyperoxalurias involve nephrocalcinosis-related chronic kidney disease (CKD) leading to end-stage kidney disease. Mechanistically, intrarenal calcium oxalate crystal deposition is thought to elicit inflammation, tubular injury and atrophy, involving the NLRP3 inflammasome. Here, we found that mice deficient in NLRP3 and ASC adaptor protein failed to develop nephrocalcinosis, compromising conclusions on nephrocalcinosis-related CKD.

The AP-1 Transcription Factor c-Jun Promotes Arthritis by Regulating Cyclooxygenase-2 and Arginase-1 Expression in Macrophages.

Activation of proinflammatory macrophages is associated with the inflammatory state of rheumatoid arthritis. Their polarization and activation are controlled by transcription factors such as NF-κB and the AP-1 transcription factor member c-Fos. Surprisingly, little is known about the role of the AP-1 transcription factor c-Jun in macrophage activation.