Profiling of low molecular weight proteins in plasma from locally irradiated individuals.

In studies reported in the 1960s and since, blood plasma from radiation-exposed individuals has been shown to induce chromosome damage when transferred into lymphocyte cultures of non-irradiated persons. This effect has been described to occur via clastogenic factors, whose nature is still mostly unknown. We have previously examined clastogenic factors from irradiated individuals by looking at plasma-induced DNA damage in reporter cells.

Influence of low dose irradiation on differentiation, maturation and T-cell activation of human dendritic cells.

Ionizing irradiation could act directly on immune cells and may induce bystander effects mediated by soluble factors that are released by the irradiated cells. This is the first study analyzing both the direct effect of low dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) on the maturation and cytokine release of human dendritic cells (DCs) and the functional consequences for co-cultured T-cells. We showed that irradiation of DC-precursors in vitro does not influence surface marker expression or cytokine profile of immature DCs nor of mature DCs after LPS treatment.

Allogeneic non-adherent bone marrow cells facilitate hematopoietic recovery but do not lead to allogeneic engraftment.

Background: Non adherent bone marrow derived cells (NA-BMCs) have recently been described to give rise to multiple mesenchymal phenotypes and have an impact in tissue regeneration. Therefore, the effects of murine bone marrow derived NA-BMCs were investigated with regard to engraftment capacities in allogeneic and syngeneic stem cell transplantation using transgenic, human CD4(+), murine CD4(-/-), HLA-DR3(+) mice.

Methodology/principal Findings: Bone marrow cells were harvested from C57Bl/6 and Balb/c wild-type mice, expanded to NA-BMCs for 4 days and characterized by flow cytometry before transplantation in lethally irradiated recipient mice.

Additive effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and irradiation on clonogenic survival of human medulloblastoma cell lines.

Background And Purpose: In recent years, epigenetic modulators were introduced into tumor therapy. Here, the authors investigated the antitumor effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine-(5-aza-dC-)induced demethylation combined with irradiation on human medulloblastoma (MB) cells, which form the most common malignant brain tumor in children.

Material And Methods: Three MB cell lines were treated with 5-aza-dC in a low-dose (0.

Radiation treatment of acute inflammation in mice.

Purpose: Low-dose radiotherapy (RT) has often been used effectively for the treatment of a variety of benign diseases, particularly those with acute inflammatory features. Here we report findings on radiation treatment of acute inflammation using a murine carrageenin air pouch model.

Materials And Methods: Air pouches raised on the dorsal surface of mice were injected with lambda carrageenin and were irradiated 6 h later with doses ranging from 0-5 Gy.

Low-dose X-irradiation of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Efficacy of different fractionation schedules.

Background And Purpose: Low-dose radiotherapy is widely accepted as a very effective treatment option for inflammatory symptoms associated with painful degenerative joint disorders. Radiation doses and fractionation schedules in practical use are empirical and mainly based on clinical observations. Experimental data are rare.

Inhibition of the iNOS pathway in inflammatory macrophages by low-dose X-irradiation in vitro. Is there a time dependence?

Background: Low radiation doses (< or = 1.25 Gy), if applied 6 h before or after stimulation, are known to inhibit the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway in inflammatory macrophages in vitro. We therefore investigated the time dependence and the underlying molecular mechanism of this effect, since it may be involved in the clinically observed anti-inflammatory and analgesic efficacy of low-dose radiotherapy.