Health-related quality of life of daily-life-affected benign essential blepharospasm: Multi-center observational study.

Purpose: To compare Thais' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and severity grading, efficacy and safety in daily-life-affected benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) patients at baseline and after Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) treatment.

Design: Prospective-observational study.

Participants: BEB patients with Jankovic rating scale (JRS) at least 3 in both severity and frequency graded from 14 institutes nationwide were included from August 2020 to June 2021.

The epidemiology and mutation types of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy in Thailand.

Purpose: Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), the most common mitochondrial optic neuropathy, causes visual loss, especially in young adults. Due to the absence of epidemiological data in Southeast Asia, we aimed to determine Thai LHON patients' characteristics (demographic data, mutation types, and prognoses) as the first study in this region.

Methods: This retrospective chart review enrolled all Thai LHON patients confirmed by three mitochondrial DNA mutations (G11778A, T14484C, and G3460A) between January 1997 and December 2016.

Correlation between relative afferent pupillary defect and visual field defects on Humphrey automated perimetry: A cross-sectional clinical trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlations between relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) magnitude, assessed using the clinical plus scale and neutral density filters, and visual field parameters in patients with unilateral or asymmetrical bilateral optic neuropathy or retinopathy.

Methods: Fifty-two patients with RAPD, graded by the swinging flashlight test and neutral density filters, were analyzed in this cross-sectional trial. The RAPD clinical plus scale was divided into grade 1+, initial weak constriction; grade 2+, initial stall then dilatation; grade 3+, immediate dilatation; and grade 4+, fixed amaurotic pupil.

Prognostic factors for conversion to generalization in ocular myasthenia gravis.

Patients with ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) are frequently treated to prevent the development of generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG). This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess prognostic factors associated with conversion to GMG.We analyzed the time from the onset of OMG symptoms to GMG in relation to demographic variables, clinical findings, initial investigation results, and treatment regimens using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariate Cox proportional regression analysis.

Clinical Prediction Score for Early Neuroimaging in Acquired Isolated Oculomotor Nerve Palsy.

Purpose: An immediate neuroimaging investigation in patients with isolated oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP) remains controversial. We aimed to develop a clinical prediction score to determine whether or not acquired isolated ONP patients require prompt imaging.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed.

Refractory Giant Cell Arteritis Complicated by Vision Loss From Optic Atrophy and Maculopathy Associated With Pachymeningitis.

Background: We describe a 75-year-old woman who experienced vision loss in her left eye due to biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA). She subsequently developed pachymeningitis causing refractory headaches and bilateral optic neuropathy and maculopathy.

Methods: Case report with literature review.