Severe asthma in Kuwait population: Phenotype-based approach.

Background: There is increasing recognition of marked phenotypic heterogeneity within severe asthma patients.

Methods: Severe asthma patients on GINA step 4 or 5 treatment, followed up at Al-Rashed Allergy center Kuwait, were evaluated for: demographics (gender, age, age of asthma onset), comorbidities (allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP), obesity), blood biomarkers (total serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE), peripheral eosinophils), and sensitization to inhalants allergens.

Results: A total of 169 patients were candidates for biological treatment.

Chest x-ray resolution after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Aim To analyse the resolution of chest X-ray findings in relation to laboratory parameters in patients infected with acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a two- month followup. Analysis of chest X-ray findings in the first few months after the disease is the main goal of our work. Methods Out of the total of 343 patients chest X-ray findings were followed in 269 patients.

Early predictors of severity and mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients.

Aim To identify laboratory tests for early detection and the development of more severe illness and death in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Methods A prospective study was done on 66 hospitalized COVID-19 patients (males: 54.5%; mean age 70.

Drug Allergy Profile From a National Drug Allergy Registry.

Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) are among the most frequent reasons for consultation in allergy departments and are becoming more common due to increasing prevalence and case complexity. To describe the most common drugs associated with clinical reactions, diagnostic methods used, and outcomes of allergic evaluations of a national drug allergy registry over a 12-year period were used. An observational, prospective, patient's data registry-based study was conducted to analyze all referrals to the drug allergy outpatient clinics at Al-Rashed Allergy Center, Kuwait, between 2007 and 2019.

MULTIFOCAL MOTOR NEUROPATHY: CASE REPORTS.

- Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a chronic demyelinating neuropathy mainly characterized by multifocal distribution; affecting only motor nerve fibers of two or more peripheral nerves, with the absence of symptoms and signs of upper motor neuron; chronic, sometimes cascading progressive course; demyelination with partial block of motor conduction; immune-mediated pathogenesis and good response to intravenous immunoglobulin treatment (IVIG). The diagnosis of MMN is based on clinical, laboratory and electrophysiological characteristics. Steroids are ineffective in MMN and may lead to worsening of the disease.

Sensitization to Cat: When Is Nasal Challenge Needed?

Introduction: Although the skin prick test (SPT) is a reliable diagnostic tool in perennial allergic rhinitis (PER) for patients allergic to cats, the minimum necessary SPT wheal size required to distinguish cat sensitization from true allergy remains controversial. The cat nasal challenge test (cNCT) could be considered the gold standard for detecting true cat allergy.

Aims: To assess the difference in the frequency of cNCT positivity between cat owners and non-owners and to determine an appropriate cut-off level for SPT wheal size in detecting positive cNCT in PER patients who are candidates for allergen immunotherapy (AIT) with cat allergen extracts.

Tolerability of Omalizumab in Asthma as a Major Compliance Factor: 10-Year Follow Up.

Background: There is a lack of data related to real life, long-term safety, tolerability and compliance of omalizumab treatment in asthma patients beyond 6 years.

Aim: Study aimed to assess safety, tolerability, compliance and all reasons for treatment discontinuation during 10 years on omalizumab.

Subject And Methods: This is a retrospective, observational study of uncontrolled asthma patients receiving omalizumab for the last 10 years.

"Real-life" Efficacy and Safety Aspects of 4-Year Omalizumab Treatment for Asthma.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of omalizumab in asthma in a real-life setting.

Subjects And Methods: This 4-year observational study included 65 patients treated with omalizumab during clinic visits; treatment response was rated as excellent, good, and partial based on a modified physician's Global Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness (mGETE) scale of emergency room visits (ERV), hospitalization, use of oral corticosteroids, inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β-agonist (LABA) dose, and short-acting β-agonist rescue. The following tests were done: forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and the asthma control test (ACT).

High Burden of Stroke Risk Factors in Developing Country: the Case Study of Bosnia-Herzegovina.

Introduction: The burden of stroke has been increasing worldwide, especially in developing countries. Very few data regarding epidemiology of stroke are available in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH).

Patients And Methods: We undertook a retrospective hospital-based study in all hospitals existing in five cantons and one district of BH.

THE ROLE OF TARGET ORGAN DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH IN SEASONAL ALLERGIC RHINITIS: NASAL SMEAR EOSINOPHILS.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) related to local weeds pollen sensitization (Chenopodiaceous family) is the most common cause of respiratory allergy in Kuwait. Local nasal accumulation of different cells typical of allergic inflammation is responsible for clinical symptoms of AR. Although nasal smear for Eosinophils (NSE) is one of the earliest included valuable test in diagnosis of AR, with time is underestimated.

Alpha-lipoic acid reduces body weight and regulates triglycerides in obese patients with diabetes mellitus.

Aim: To determine an influence of alpha-lipoic acid to reduction of body weight and regulation of total cholesterol concentration, triglycerides and glucose serum levels in obese patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

Methods: A prospective study includes two groups of obese patients with diabetes mellitus and signs of peripheral polyneuropathia: examined group (30 patients; 15 females and 15 males), and control group (30 patients; 12 females and 18 males). All were treated with metformin (850-1700 mg/day).

let-7b and miR-126 are down-regulated in tumor tissue and correlate with microvessel density and survival outcomes in non--small--cell lung cancer.

Angiogenesis is a critical event in the development, progression, and spread of various human cancers, including lung cancer. Molecular mechanisms that underlie the complex regulation of angiogenic processes are poorly understood. However, an increasing body of evidence indicates miRNAs as important regulators of tumor angiogenesis.

Local CD4+, CD8+ and CD56+ T-lymphocite Reaction on Primary Lung Cancer.

Objective: The primary goal of this study was to determine the difference of abundance of CD4+, CD8+ and CD56+ bronchoalveolar fluid's lymphocytes and their subpopulations between cancerous lung and healthy lung from the same patient.

Methods: Mini-bronchoalveolar lavage was taken from 55 patients from lung with cancer and healthy lung. After laboratory processing and addition of CD4, CD8, CD27, CD28 and CD56 antibody, the material was analyzed by flow cytometer.

Local CD4+, CD8+ and CD56+ reactions to lung cancer in regard to pathohistological type and clinical stage.

Aim: To determinate the difference of abundance of CD4+, CD8+ and CD56+ bronchoalveolar fluid's lymphocytes and their subpopulations between non- and small cell lung cancer. Also, the differences of abundance of examined lymphocytes were compared between main clinical stages of lung cancer.

Methods: Mini-bronchoalveolar lavate was taken from lungs of 55 patients with cancer.