Fish consumption, cognitive impairment and dementia: an updated dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Cognitive impairment is projected to affect a preponderant proportion of the aging population. Lifelong dietary habits have been hypothesized to play a role in preventing cognitive decline. Among the most studied dietary components, fish consumptionhas been extensively studied for its potential effects on the human brain.

Combined Effect of Red Wine and Mocha Pot Coffee in Mild Vascular Cognitive Impairment.

Objectives: Moderate daily mocha pot coffee intake has been associated with better mood and cognition in patients with mild vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Similarly, moderate red wine consumption has shown protective effects on cognitive disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. The aim of this study was to explore the synergistic relation between red wine and coffee intake on mood and cognitive status in mild VCI patients at risk for dementia.

Negative Association of Lignan and Phytosterol Intake with Stress Perception during the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Polish Study on Young Adults.

Background: There has been an increasing global prevalence of depression and other psychiatric diseases in recent years. Perceived stress has been proven to be associated with psychiatric and somatic symptoms. Some animal and human studies have suggested that consuming foods abundant in lignans and phytosterols may be associated with lower levels of stress, depression, and anxiety.

Mediterranean Diet and Sleep Features: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.

The prevalence of sleep disorders, characterized by issues with quality, timing, and sleep duration is increasing globally. Among modifiable risk factors, diet quality has been suggested to influence sleep features. The Mediterranean diet is considered a landmark dietary pattern in terms of quality and effects on human health.

Dietary (Poly)phenols and Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Scope: This study aims to systematically review observational studies investigating the relation between dietary (poly)phenol consumption and various cognitive outcomes.

Methods And Results: Embase and PubMed databases are searched from inception to April 2023 for observational studies investigating the relation between dietary (poly)phenol intake and cognitive outcomes. For quantitative analyses, random effects models, subgroup analyses, and dose-response analyses are performed.

Anthocyanin Effects on Vascular and Endothelial Health: Evidence from Clinical Trials and Role of Gut Microbiota Metabolites.

Hypertension and derived cardiovascular disease (CVD) are among the leading causes of death worldwide. Increased oxidative stress and inflammatory state are involved in different alterations in endothelial functions that contribute to the onset of CVD. Polyphenols, and in particular anthocyanins, have aroused great interest for their antioxidant effects and their cardioprotective role.

Rethinking the Role of Orexin in the Regulation of REM Sleep and Appetite.

Orexin plays a significant role in the modulation of REM sleep, as well as in the regulation of appetite and feeding. This review explores, first, the current evidence on the role of orexin in the modulation of sleep and wakefulness and highlights that orexin should be considered essentially as a neurotransmitter inhibiting REM sleep and, to a much lesser extent, a wake promoting agent. Subsequently, the relationship between orexin, REM sleep, and appetite regulation is examined in detail, shedding light on their interconnected nature in both physiological conditions and diseases (such as narcolepsy, sleep-related eating disorder, idiopathic hypersomnia, and night eating syndrome).

Mediterranean diet and chronotype: Data from Italian adults and systematic review of observational studies.

Scientific evidence suggests a relation between dietary factors and sleep. Several studies show that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with better sleep quality, but the relation with chronotype has been only recently explored. The aim of this study was to better understand the relation between chronotype and Mediterranean diet adherence.

Association of dietary intake of polyphenols, lignans, and phytosterols with immune-stimulating microbiota and COVID-19 risk in a group of Polish men and women.

Objectives: Devastating consequences of COVID-19 disease enhanced the role of promoting prevention-focused practices. Among targeted efforts, diet is regarded as one of the potential factors which can affect immune function and optimal nutrition is postulated as the method of augmentation of people's viral resistance. As epidemiological evidence is scarce, the present study aimed to explore the association between dietary intake of total polyphenols, lignans and plant sterols and the abundance of immunomodulatory gut microbiota such as Enterococcus spp.

Curcumin Supplementation and Vascular Health: Is Gut Microbiota Involved?

Curcumin is a polyphenol compound widely investigated for its potential health benefits. Clinical evidence from randomized controlled trials shows substantial positive effects in healthy individuals but contrasting results for patients with cardio-metabolic disorders. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiota may play a role in curcumin transformation and absorption of more bioactive compounds, suggesting that the baseline health status (or other unmeasured variables) may explain the observed variability of the results.

Physical Activity, Sun Exposure, Vitamin D Intake and Perceived Stress in Italian Adults.

The last decades of global development have, due to rapid urbanization, pressuring entire populations to changes in lifestyle and dietary habits, led to an increase in the prevalence of mental disorders, including stress. This study explored how lifestyle and dietary factors, such as physical activity, sun exposure, and vitamin D intake are related to perceived stress in a Mediterranean-based population. Physical activity level was evaluated using the international physical activity questionnaires (IPAQ), sun exposure was evaluated using the sunlight exposure measurement questionnaire (SEM-Q), and validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were used to assess dietary intakes.

Polyphenols as novel interventions for depression: Exploring the efficacy, mechanisms of action, and implications for future research.

Numerous animal and human studies have assessed the relationship between polyphenols and outcomes related to depression. However, no comprehensive synthesis of the main findings has been conducted. The aim of this manuscript was to systematically review the available evidence from animal and human studies on the association and the effects of dietary polyphenols on depression and provide recommendations for future research.

Association between alcoholic (poly)phenol-rich beverage consumption and cognitive status in older adults living in a Mediterranean area.

The prevalence of cognitive disorders is growing and evidence suggests the putative role of plant-based foods and beverages containing (poly)phenols. The aim of this study was to explore the association between the consumption of (poly)phenol-rich beverages, including wine and beer, resveratrol intake, and cognitive status in a cohort of older adults. The dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and cognitive status using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire.

Dietary Fats and Cognitive Status in Italian Middle-Old Adults.

Unlabelled: The increase in life expectancy led to a significant rise in the prevalence of age-related neurological diseases, such as cognitive impairment, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. Although genetics certainly play a role, nutrition emerged as a key factor in maintaining optimal cognitive function among older adults. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate whether specific categories and subcategories of dietary fats, based on carbon-chain length, are associated with cognitive status in a cohort of 883 Italian participants over the age of 50.

Mediterranean diet, mental health, cognitive status, quality of life, and successful aging in southern Italian older adults.

Healthy successful aging with preserved mental and cognitive health is expected to be one of the most important challenges of the growing old population globally. Studies investigating these multi-dimensional aspects of senescence are important to identify potential targets for early prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and mental and cognitive health, quality of life, and successful aging in middle-age and older adults living in Sicily, southern Italy.

Polyphenol-Rich Beverages and Mental Health Outcomes.

Emerging evidence suggests that diets rich in plant-based foods and beverages may exert plausible effects on human health tackling the risk of chronic diseases. Although the data are promising for numerous outcomes, including cardiovascular diseases, the data on mental health are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between individual polyphenol-rich beverages intake and mental health outcomes, such as perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality, among adult individuals living in the Mediterranean area.

Dietary Fats and Depressive Symptoms in Italian Adults.

Background: Depression represents one of the major causes of disability worldwide, with an important socioeconomic cost. Although many risk factors have been considered in its pathogenesis, nutrition seems to play a determinant role in its prevention. With regard to individual macronutrients, dietary fats and especially n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are the most studied.

Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Depressive Symptoms in a Mediterranean Cohort.

Excess consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is currently under investigation for its potentially detrimental impact on human health. Current evidence demonstrates a substantial association with an increased risk of metabolic disorders, but data on mental health outcomes are just emerging. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the consumption of UPFs and depressive symptoms in a sample of younger Italian adults.