Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Kidney Transplant Recipients-A Narrative Review.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most prevalent complications in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients. The most frequent finding in this group of patients is asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB). Here, we provide an overview of the available evidence regarding ASB in KTx recipients, including its etiopathology, clinical impact and management.

Small Extracellular Vesicles in Transplant Rejection.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEV), which are released to body fluids (e.g., serum, urine) by all types of human cells, may stimulate or inhibit the innate and adaptive immune response through multiple mechanisms.

pneumonia in a kidney transplant recipient - dose-dependent decrease of phagocytic activity as a potential mechanism for everolimus pulmonary toxicity.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors inclusive regimens are associated with increased risk of pulmonary toxicity, but the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated so far. We present the case of a 68-year-old man, after deceased-donor kidney transplantation (KTx), maintained on de novo everolimus (EVR) based immunosuppression, who developed Achromobacter denitrificans pneumonia 3 months after KTx. There was clinical improvement with antibiotic treatment, but without a radiological resolution.

"Old School" Islet Purification Based on the Unit Gravity Sedimentation as a Rescue Technique for Intraportal Islet Transplantation-A Case Report.

Here, we present a case that required a supplemental "old school" islet purification for a safe intraportal infusion. Following pancreas procurement from a brain-dead 26-year-old male donor (body mass index: 21.9), 24.

BETA-2 score is an early predictor of graft decline and loss of insulin independence after pancreatic islet allotransplantation.

This study aimed to evaluate whether the BETA-2 score is a reliable early predictor of graft decline and loss of insulin independence after islet allotransplantation. Islet transplant procedures were stratified into 3 groups according to clinical outcome: long-term insulin independence without islet graft decline (group 1, N = 9), initial insulin independence with subsequent islet graft decline and loss of insulin independence (group 2, N = 13), and no insulin independence (group 3, N = 13). BETA-2 was calculated on day 75 and multiple times afterwards for up to 145 months posttransplantation.

Host and pathogen factors in Klebsiella pneumoniae upper urinary tract infections in renal transplant patients.

Purpose: To analyse the role of virulence factors (VFs) and host in Klebsiella pneumoniae upper urinary tract infections (UTIs) in renal transplant (RTx) recipients.

Methodology: Clinical and demographic data were registered prospectively. Phylogenetic background of K.

Early Infectious Complications After Total Pancreatectomy with Islet Autotransplantation: a Single Center Experience.

Introduction: We assessed whether positive microbiological cultures from the islet preparation had any effect on the risk of infectious complications (IC) after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) in our center.

Methods: We analyzed preservation fluid and final islet product surveillance cultures with reference to clinical data of patients undergoing TPIAT. All patients received routine prophylactic broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Validation of a New North American Islet Donor Score for Donor Pancreas Selection and Successful Islet Isolation in a Medium-Volume Islet Transplant Center.

The selection of optimal pancreas donors is one of the key factors in determining the ultimate outcome of clinical islet isolation. North American Islet Donor Score (NAIDS) allows for estimating the chance of the success of islet isolation. It was developed based on the data from over 1000 donors from 11 islet isolation centers and validated in the University of Alberta, Edmonton, on the cohort from the most active islet transplant center.

Assessment of simple indices based on a single fasting blood sample as a tool to estimate beta-cell function after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation - a prospective study.

We investigated six indices based on a single fasting blood sample for evaluation of the beta-cell function after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TP-IAT). The Secretory Unit of Islet Transplant Objects (SUITO), transplant estimated function (TEF), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-2B%), C-peptide/glucose ratio (CP/G), C-peptide/glucose creatinine ratio (CP/GCr) and BETA-2 score were compared against a 90-min serum glucose level, weighted mean C-peptide in mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT), beta score and the Igls score adjusted for islet function in the setting of IAT. We analyzed values from 32 MMTTs in 15 patients after TP-IAT with a follow-up of up to 3 years.

Comparative evaluation of simple indices using a single fasting blood sample to estimate beta cell function after islet transplantation.

Six single fasting blood sample-based indices-Secretory Unit of Islet Transplant Objects (SUITO), Transplant Estimated Function (TEF), Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA)2-B%, C-peptide/glucose ratio (CP/G), C-peptide/glucose creatinine ratio (CP/GCr), and BETA-2 score-were compared against commonly used 90-minute mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) serum glucose and beta score to assess which of them best recognizes the state of acceptable blood glucose control without insulin supplementation after islet allotransplantation (ITx). We also tested whether the indices could identify the success of ITx based on the Igls classification of beta cell graft function. We analyzed values from 47 MMTT tests in 4 patients with up to 140 months follow-up and from 54 MMTT tests in 13 patients with up to 42 months follow-up.

Urinary tract infections during the first year after renal transplantation: one center's experience and a review of the literature.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence, clinical manifestations, microbiology, risk factors, and the influence of UTIs on renal graft function.

Methods: We analyzed clinical data, urine cultures performed within the first 12 months after RTx, and renal function within 24 months in consecutive patients undergoing RTx at Gdańsk Transplantation Centre between January 2007 and December 2009.

Results: We studied data from 209 RTx recipients, 59.

Influence of megestrol acetate on nutrition, inflammation and quality of life in dialysis patients.

Aim: Malnutrition is a common clinical problem in dialysis patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of megestrol acetate in malnourished dialysis patients. Thirty-two hypoalbuminemic dialysis patients took 160 mg of megestrol acetate daily for up to 6 months.