The use of Botulinum toxin in various urological conditions.

Objective: Aim: The objective of this review paper is to comprehensively analyze and summarize the current understanding and clinical applications of Botulinum toxin in the field of urology.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The materials and methods for this review paper involved an extensive literature search on the use of Botulinum toxin in urology. Multiple online databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were utilized to gather peer-reviewed articles, clinical trials, and relevant books published within the last decades.

Methodology and findings of randomized clinical trials on pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions to treat renal colic pain - a review.

Introduction: Renal colic pain is considered one of the most excruciating pains ever experienced and ranks as one of the most common urological emergencies. Despite existing established recommendations, new therapies and their combinations are continuously being tested. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze and compare studies involving pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions used in the treatment of renal colic pain.