Malignant Transformation of Dysplastic Vocal Fold Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: The reported rates of malignant transformation of dysplastic laryngeal lesions are highly variable, as is time to malignant degeneration.

Objective: To evaluate the rate of and time to malignant transformation of dysplastic laryngeal lesions based on the World Health Organization (WHO) dysplasia classification system.

Data Sources: PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and Cochrane Reviews were searched from the date of database inception to June 8, 2023.

Telemedicine-enabled biofeedback electropalatography rehabilitation (TEBER): A pilot study for patients treated with surgery for oral cavity carcinoma.

Background: To address the rehabilitative barriers to frequency and precision of care, we conducted a pilot study of a biofeedback electropalatography (EPG) device paired with telemedicine for patients who underwent primary surgery +/- adjuvant radiation for oral cavity carcinoma. We hypothesized that lingual optimization followed by telemedicine-enabled biofeedback electropalatography rehabilitation (TEBER) would further improve speech and swallowing outcomes after "standard-of-care" SOC rehabilitation.

Method: Pilot prospective 8-week (TEBER) program following 8 weeks of (SOC) rehabilitation.

Impact of goal-directed hemodynamic therapy on perioperative outcomes in head and neck free flap surgery: A before-and-after pilot study.

Background: Free flap reconstruction for head and neck cancer is associated with a high risk of perioperative complications. One of the modifiable risk factors associated with perioperative morbidity is intraoperative hypotension (IOH). The main aim of this pilot study is to determine if the intraoperative use of goal-directed hemodynamic therapy (GDHT) is associated with a reduction in the number of IOH events in this population.

Public knowledge of button battery ingestions: A social media based cross-sectional analysis.

Introduction: Button battery (BB) ingestion injuries are a devastating and preventable event within the pediatric population. Efforts to reduce the prevalence of esophageal button battery ingestion injuries include primary preventative measures. It is integral to assess the public's baseline knowledge about BB injuries to tailor future primary prevention efforts.

Glossectomy for the treatment of oral cavity carcinoma: Quantitative, functional and patient-reported quality of life outcomes differ by four glossectomy defects.

Objective: The goal was to characterize four clinically distinct glossectomy defects to establish significant quantitative cut points using functional metrics, the MD Anderson Dysphagia Index (MDADI) and speech intelligibility.

Methods: Population included 101 patients treated with surgery, adjuvant radiation per NCCN guidelines, and ≥ 12 months follow-up.

Results: Defect groups: subtotal hemiglossectomy (1), hemiglossectomy (2), extended hemiglossectomy (3) and oral glossectomy (4) were compared: All outcomes supported a four defect model.

A critical readability and quality analysis of internet-based patient information on neck dissections.

Objective: Patients are increasingly turning to the Internet as a source of healthcare information. Given that neck dissection is a common procedure within the field of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, the aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and readability of online patient education materials on neck dissection.

Methods: A Google search was performed using the term "neck dissection.

The benefits and risks of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for postoperative analgesia in sinonasal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have emerged as an alternative to opioids for optimal postoperative pain management. However, the adoption of NSAIDs in sinonasal surgery has been impeded by a theoretical concern for postoperative bleeding. Our objective is to systematically review the efficacy and safety of NSAIDs for patients undergoing sinonasal surgery.

Gaps in Depression Symptom Management for Patients With Head and Neck Cancer.

Objective: To understand practice patterns and identify care gaps within a large-scale depression screening program for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: This was a population-based study of adults diagnosed with a HNC between January 2007 and October 2020.

Battle of the axes: simulation-based assessment of fine needle aspiration biopsies for thyroid nodules.

Importance: Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsies (UGFNA) play a crucial role in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. There are two techniques for performing an UGFNA: short-axis technique and long-axis technique. There is sparsity in the literature regarding the differences between these two techniques.

Airway Complications Resulting From Pediatric Esophageal Button Battery Impaction: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Button batteries (BBs) are commonly found in many household items and present a risk of severe injury to children if ingested. The direct apposition of the trachea and recurrent laryngeal nerves with the esophagus puts children at risk of airway injury secondary to the liquefactive necrotic effects of BB impactions.

Objective: To review airway injuries, including long-term sequelae, after BB ingestion in children.

Evaluation of Preference and Utility Measures for Transoral Thyroidectomy.

Background: Traditional, trans-cervical thyroidectomy results in the presence of a neck scar, which has been shown to correlate with lower quality of life and lower patient satisfaction. Transoral thyroid surgery (TOTS) has been utilized as an alternative approach to avoid a cutaneous incision and scar by accessing the neck and thyroid through the oral cavity. This study was designed to evaluate patient preference through health-state utility scores for TOTS as compared to conventional trans-cervical thyroidectomy.

Clinicopathological Predictors of Survival for Parotid Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Various prognostic factors are associated with the survival of patients with parotid mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the clinical and pathologic prognostic factors on survival outcomes in patients with parotid MEC.

Data Sources: Articles published from database inception to July 2020 on OVID Medline, OVID Embase, Cochrane Central, and Scopus.

Critical Quality and Readability Analysis of Online Patient Education Materials on Parotidectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Complications related to parotidectomy can cause significant morbidity, and thus, the decision to pursue this surgery needs to be well-informed. Given that information available online plays a critical role in patient education, this study aimed to evaluate the readability and quality of online patient education materials (PEMs) regarding parotidectomy.

Methods: A Google search was performed using the term "parotidectomy" and the first 10 pages of the search were analyzed.

Readability of the American, Canadian, and British Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Societies' Patient Materials.

Objective: Patient education materials across 3 national English otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) societies: the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS), the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (CSOHNS), and Ear, Nose, and Throat United Kingdom (ENT UK) were examined to determine whether they are written at a level suitable for patient comprehension.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Online patient materials presented through OHNS national societies.

Clinical Prediction Models for Suspected Pediatric Foreign Body Aspiration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Although various clinical prediction models (CPMs) have been described for diagnosing pediatric foreign body aspiration (FBA), to our knowledge, there is still no consensus regarding indications for bronchoscopy, the criterion standard for identifying airway foreign bodies.

Objective: To evaluate currently available CPMs for diagnosing FBA in children.

Data Sources: Performed in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL database with citation searching of retrieved studies.

Noise in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery operating rooms: a systematic review.

Objective: Noise in operating rooms (OR) can have negative effects on both patients and surgical care workers. Noise can also impact surgical performance, team communication, and patient outcomes. Such implications of noise have been studied in orthopedics, neurosurgery, and urology.

Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Neuro-Oncology: Strategies, Failures, and Challenges to Overcome.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a formidable challenge in the development of effective therapeutics in neuro-oncology. This has fueled several decades of efforts to develop strategies for disrupting the BBB, but progress has not been satisfactory. As such, numerous drug- and device-based methods are currently being investigated in humans.

Local anesthesia and anxiolytic techniques for oculoplastic surgery.

This study discusses local anesthetic agents, administration techniques, ancillary considerations, and safety precautions for oculoplastic surgery including eyelid, lacrimal, orbital, and temporal artery biopsy procedures. Methods for reducing patient apprehension and discomfort including systemic premedication, topical pre-anesthetic, visual, auditory and tactile distraction techniques, regional blocks, small gauge needles, warmed lidocaine, and buffered lidocaine are discussed.

MGMT Testing in Glioblastomas: Pitfalls and Opportunities.

Gliomas, that do not respond to alkylating agent chemotherapy, can be made more sensitive to chemotherapy through promotor mediated epigenetic silencing of the MGMT gene. MGMT is one of the important markers in glioblastomas as it not only predicts response to therapy but may also be used as an independent prognostic marker. As such, MGMT is gaining increasing traction in diagnosis, prognostication, and therapeutic decision-making for these highly malignant gliomas.

Canadian Neurosurgery Educators' Views on Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Residency Training.

Objective: Despite the increasing prominence of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in treating intracranial and spinal pathologies, there is currently a dearth of exposure to this modality in the neurosurgical residency. To address this gap, the aim of this study is to assess neurosurgery educators' views regarding the current state of SRS exposure, and to identify potential approaches to improve residency education in this domain.

Methods: Qualitative thematic analysis and constructivist grounded theory methodology were employed.