Gait alteration during turning while walking in older adults with benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo.

Background: Older adults with Benign Paroxysmal Positioning Vertigo (BPPV) may present with unsteadiness that affects gait patterns.

Objective: This study investigated the spatiotemporal gait parameters and indicators of turning difficulty during the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test in older adults with BPPV.

Methods: This case-controlled study collected data from older adults aged 65 and above with BPPV, young adults with BPPV and older adults without BPPV.

The association of fatigue severity with pain level, obesity indices and functional performances in women with knee osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis is most common among women with obesity. It may lead to physical inactivity that, in turn, causes fatigue or lack of physical enthusiasm to perform meaningful daily activities. Hence, this study aimed to examine whether pain level, obesity indices and functional performances are associated with fatigue severity in women with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Effects of patient education on the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A scoping review.

Introduction: Patient education is an integral component of diabetes mellitus care. The emergence of different methods and characteristics of patient education has led to varying outcomes of quality of life (QoL). Herein, we systematically searched for published studies reporting patient education and its methods and characteristics for improving the QoL of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Enteropathogen spectrum and effect on antimycobacterial pharmacokinetics among children with tuberculosis in rural Tanzania: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Enteropathy is prevalent in tuberculosis-endemic areas, and it has been shown to impair intestinal absorptive function; therefore, enteropathogen burden might negatively affect antimycobacterial pharmacokinetics, particularly among malnourished children. We sought to quantify enteropathogen burden among children initiating tuberculosis treatment in rural Tanzania and determine the effect of enteropathogen burden on serum antimycobacterial pharmacokinetics.

Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study at one site in rural Tanzania as an exploratory substudy of a large multicountry cohort study.

Effects of Paraplegia Fitness Integrated Training on Physical Function and Exercise Self-Efficacy and Adherence Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: To determine the effects of the Paraplegia Fitness Integrated Training (PARAFiT) program, which is an integrated graded physical exercise and health education program for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: This nonrandomized single-blind study included 44 participants, who were assigned to either an intervention (PARAFiT) group or an active control (conventional physiotherapy) group. The intervention group underwent the PARAFiT program (8 weeks), which consisted of circuit-based interval training, progressive upper limb resistance training, and health education sessions.

Home-Based Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review.

To promote optimal healthcare delivery in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) following the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019, adopting home-based physical activity (PA) is being seriously considered. Therefore, this study aims to outline the characteristics of exercise protocols for home-based PA and the challenges and limitations in implementing home-based PA in patients with T2DM. This scoping review was carried out by identifying eligible studies in six different databases (Scopus, Cochrane Library, SpringerLink, ProQuest, Science Direct, and Google Scholar).

Effectiveness of a 3-month antifalling program in the mobility, balance confidence, and muscle performance of older adults.

This study determined the effectiveness of a 3-month group-based multicomponent exercise program in the mobility, balance confidence, and muscle performance of older adults. A total of 40 participants (mean age=70.60±6.

Dual-Tasking Effects on Gait and Turning Performance of Stroke Survivors with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.

Background: Stroke survivors depend on the unaffected leg during walking and standing. The presence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affecting both legs may further affect the postural balance and gait instability and increase the risk for falls in such patients. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of dual taskings on the gait and turning performance of stroke survivors with DPN.

Prevalence and Pattern of Musculoskeletal Injuries Among Malaysian Hockey League Players.

Introduction: Hockey is a team sport that involves running, sprinting, and making sudden changes in directions of movement to control a ball against the opposing team. Therefore, due to its nature of fast movement, hockey players may be at risk of various musculoskeletal injuries. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and pattern of musculoskeletal injuries sustained among Malaysian Hockey League players.

Relationship between anthropometric characteristics and aerobic fitness among Malaysian men and women.

This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationships between anthropometric and aerobic fitness (rate of perceived exertion [RPE] and predicted maximal oxygen uptake [VO]) among 228 participants (age: 23.78±4.42 years).

Energy-water and seasonal variations in climate underlie the spatial distribution patterns of gymnosperm species richness in China.

Studying the pattern of species richness is crucial in understanding the diversity and distribution of organisms in the earth. Climate and human influences are the major driving factors that directly influence the large-scale distributions of plant species, including gymnosperms. Understanding how gymnosperms respond to climate, topography, and human-induced changes is useful in predicting the impacts of global change.

Distribution Pattern of Gymnosperms' Richness in Nepal: Effect of Environmental Constrains along Elevational Gradients.

Understanding the pattern of species distribution and the underlying mechanism is essential for conservation planning. Several climatic variables determine the species diversity, and the dependency of species on climate motivates ecologists and bio-geographers to explain the richness patterns along with elevation and environmental correlates. We used interpolated elevational distribution data to examine the relative importance of climatic variables in determining the species richness pattern of 26 species of gymnosperms in the longest elevation gradients in the world.

Determination of Rifampin Concentrations by Urine Colorimetry and Mobile Phone Readout for Personalized Dosing in Tuberculosis Treatment.

Background: Individual pharmacokinetic variability is a driver of poor tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes. We developed a method for measurement of rifampin concentrations by urine colorimetry and a mobile phone photographic application to predict clinically important serum rifampin pharmacokinetic measurements in children treated for TB.

Methods: Among spiked urine samples, colorimetric assay performance was tested with conventional spectrophotometric and the mobile phone/light box methods under various environmental and biologic conditions.

The effectiveness of patient education in improving pain, disability and quality of life among older people with low back pain: A systematic review.

Objectives: This study aimed to gain an overview of patient education and the effects of patient education for older people with low back pain (LBP).

Methods: The search strategies were performed via EBSCO MEDLINE, EBSCO CINAHL, Science Direct, PubMed, and PEDro databases from 2006 to 2016. The keywords "patient education", "low back pain", "elderly", "older adults", "older persons" and "older people" were used during the literature search.

Effects of Graded Exercises Integrated with Education on Physical Fitness, Exercise SelfEfficacy, and Activity Levels in People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Quasi-Experimental Study Protocol.

Study Design: A quasi-experimental single-blinded study.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of 'graded exercise integrated with education' on physical fitness, exercise self-efficacy (ESE), and physical activity (PA) levels among subacute and chronic wheelchair-dependent paraplegia patients.

Overview Of Literature: Most of the chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients had low physical fitness due to a sedentary lifestyle and lack of ESE after discharge from a rehabilitation program.

Pharmacokinetics of First-Line Drugs Among Children With Tuberculosis in Rural Tanzania.

Background: Dosing recommendations for treating childhood tuberculosis (TB) were revised by the World Health Organization, yet so far, pharmacokinetic studies that have evaluated these changes are relatively limited. We evaluated plasma drug concentrations of rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide (PZA), and ethambutol (EMB) among children undergoing TB treatment in Tanzania when these dosing recommendations were being implemented.

Methods: At the end of intensive-phase TB therapy, blood was obtained 2 hours after witnessed medication administration to estimate the peak drug concentration (C2h), measured using high-performance liquid chromatography or liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods.

Regression equations to estimate the 2-min walk distance in an adult Asian population aged 40-75 years.

Background And Objective: There is increased use of the 2-min walk test (2MWT) to assess functional exercise capacity. However, the distance achieved during this test may be difficult to interpret in the absence of reference values from a local population. Regression equations to estimate the 2-min walk distance (2MWD) only exist for American and Brazilian populations.

The microbial community in decaying fallen logs varies with critical period in an alpine forest.

Little information has been available on the shifts in the microbial community in decaying fallen logs during critical periods in cold forests. Minjiang fir (Abies faxoniana) fallen logs in decay classes I-V were in situ incubated on the forest floor of an alpine forest in the eastern Tibet Plateau. The microbial community was investigated during the seasonal snow cover period (SP), snow thawing period (TP), early growing season (EG) and late growing season (LG) using Phosphorous Lipid Fatty Acid (PLFA) analysis.

Effects of Kinesio Taping on Dynamic Balance Following Fatigue: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of Kinesio taping (KT) in inhibiting fatigue and preserving dynamic balance. Male recreational athletes were recruited to participate in this study. Participants were blinded from the group assignment and divided into four groups (Group A; KT and fatigue, Group B; no tape and fatigue, Group C; KT and no fatigue and Group D; no tape and no fatigue) using sequentially opaque, sealed envelopes.

Kinesiophobia, Pain, Muscle Functions, and Functional Performances among Older Persons with Low Back Pain.

Objectives: This study aims (1) to determine the association between kinesiophobia and pain, muscle functions, and functional performances and (2) to determine whether kinesiophobia predicts pain, muscle functions, and functional performance among older persons with low back pain (LBP).

Methods: This is a correlational study, involving 63 institutionalized older persons (age = 70.98 ± 7.

Plantar Pressure Distribution among Older Persons with Different Types of Foot and Its Correlation with Functional Reach Distance.

Changes in biomechanical structures of human foot are common in the older person, which may lead to alteration of foot type and plantar pressure distribution. We aimed to examine how foot type affects the plantar pressure distribution and to determine the relationship between plantar pressure distribution and functional reach distance in older persons. Fifty community-dwelling older persons (age: 69.

Muscle Functions and Functional Performance among Older Persons with and without Low Back Pain.

This study aims to compare muscle functions and functional performances between older persons with and without low back pain (LBP) and to determine the association between muscle functions and functional performances. This is a cross-sectional study, involving 95 older persons (age = 70.27 ± 7.

Postural Control and Gait Performance in the Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review.

Purpose. The aim of this paper is to review the published studies on the characteristics of impairments in the postural control and gait performance in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods.