Images: "Too much heat for my non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder!" A case report.

Unlabelled: The non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder (N24SWD) is a rare condition, sometimes associated with blindness or with suprachiasmatic nuclei lesions, resulting in a free-running rhythm or hypernycthemeral syndrome. Synchronizers, such as light, when light perception remains, melatonin, food intakes, physical activity, social interactions, and temperature, play a key role in the treatment of N24SWD. In this report, we describe a case illustrating the impact of outdoor temperature in a 34-year-old man with N24SWD effectively treated through a combination of chronotherapy interventions.

The nightmare severity index (NSI): A short new multidimensional tool for assessing nightmares.

This psychometric pilot study aims to evaluate a new multidimensional simple scale, named the nightmare severity index (NSI) - close to the existing insomnia (ISI) and hypersomnia (HSI) severity indexes. The NSI encompasses all main dimensions of nightmare disorder, evaluating four subdimensions: frequency, emotional impact, diurnal impact, and nocturnal impact of nightmares. The NSI was completed by a total of 102 patients.

Effects of smoking on sleep architecture and ventilatory parameters including apneas: Results of the Tab-OSA study.

Background: The interaction between smoking and sleep seems appears to be bidirectional, but few studies evaluated the impact of smoking and its cessation on objective sleep parameters. In this context, this new study aimed to assess the impact of smoking and its cessation on sleep architecture and on ventilatory sleep parameters, particularly the presence of sleep apnea syndrome (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)≥15). Methods: Patients hospitalized for polysomnographic sleep exploration were compared according to their smoking status: active smokers (AS), former smokers (FS), non-smokers (NoNi).

Prevalence, treatment and determinants of obstructive sleep apnoea and its symptoms in a population-based French cohort.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Although the disorder has been well studied in selected high-risk populations, few data exist on its prevalence in the general population. We aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of OSA in France.

Continuous positive airway pressure as an accurate marker for non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder.

Non-24-h sleep-wake rhythm disorder is quite rare in sighted patients and frequently associated with psychiatric disorders. We report the case of a 46-year-old man with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and agoraphobia who had been referred for a suspicion of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Polysomnography and arterial blood gas confirmed moderate OSAS associated with hypoventilation.

Effect of lockdown on sleep-wake rhythm and alcohol use.

The global covid-19 pandemic has imposed radical changes in daily lives. This study reflects upon sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (sleep-wake rhythm, psychiatric symptoms, and alcohol use behavior) during the full lockdown, comparing individuals who increased their alcohol use (iAU), those who maintained a stable use (sAU), and those who did not consume alcohol (AnoU). Participants were recruited via e-mails and they were required to complete an online survey that included questionnaires, during the last week of the full lockdown.

Biosensors for the Rapid Detection of Cardiovascular Biomarkers of Vital Interest: Needs, Analysis and Perspectives.

We have previously surveyed a panel of 508 physicians from around the world about which biomarkers would be relevant if obtained in a very short time frame, corresponding to emergency situations (life-threatening or not). The biomarkers that emerged from this study were markers of cardiovascular disease: troponin, D-dimers, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Cardiovascular disease is a group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels.

Factors associated with insomnia symptoms: A cross-sectional study during a Covid-19 fully restrictive lockdown.

Insomnia is the most frequent sleep disorder and a public health concern that increased during the Covid 19 pandemic. Fully restrictive lockdowns during Covid are interesting periods to examine the impact of environmental and behavioural changes on the emergence of insomnia symptoms. In this cross-sectional study we aimed to (1) determine the main factors associated with insomnia symptoms during a Covid-19 fully restrictive lockdown examining the associated daily life alterations and (2) create a predictive model of insomnia symptoms.

Narcolepsy Type 1: A Remitting Disease? An Unusual Case Report.

We describe the case of a male patient who was diagnosed with narcolepsy type 1 on the basis of sleep and wake symptoms, and the results of investigations including video-polysomnography, multiple sleep latency test, human leukocyte antigen status and orexin level in cerebrospinal fluid. During the first years after disease onset, the patient did not show any significant improvement despite treatment with a variety of stimulant and anti-cataplectic drugs. However, spontaneous remission of disease occurred after 15 years.

Blood fibrocytes are associated with severity and prognosis in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Increased blood fibrocytes are associated with a poor prognosis in fibrotic lung diseases. We aimed to determine whether the percentage of circulating fibrocytes could be predictive of severity and prognosis during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Blood fibrocytes were quantified by flow cytometry as CD45/CD15/CD34/collagen-1 cells in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia.

Hyperventilation as one of the mechanisms of persistent dyspnoea in SARS-CoV-2 survivors.

https://bit.ly/3AxOiDh

Residual ground glass opacities three months after Covid-19 pneumonia correlate to alteration of respiratory function: The post Covid M3 study.

Introduction: Lung function in survivors of SARS-Co-V2 pneumonia is poorly known, but concern over the possibility of sequelae exists.

Methods: Retrospective study on survivors with confirmed infection and pneumonia on chest-CT. Correlations between PFT and residual radiologic anomalies at three months taking into account initial clinical and radiological severity and steroid use during acute phase.

Accuracy of Smart Scales on Weight and Body Composition: Observational Study.

Background: Smart scales are increasingly used at home by patients to monitor their body weight and body composition, but scale accuracy has not often been documented.

Objective: The goal of the research was to determine the accuracy of 3 commercially available smart scales for weight and body composition compared with dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) as the gold standard.

Methods: We designed a cross-sectional study in consecutive patients evaluated for DEXA in a physiology unit in a tertiary hospital in France.

Alteration of Diffusion Capacity After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Pathophysiological Approach.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (--) infection has affected millions of people worldwide, and pneumonia affects 90% of patients. This raises the possibility of millions of people with altered lung function. Few data exist to date on pulmonary function after SARS-CoV-2 infection, but alteration of diffusion capacity of CO ( ) is the most frequently described abnormality.

Hyperventilation: A Possible Explanation for Long-Lasting Exercise Intolerance in Mild COVID-19 Survivors?

Since the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, most attention has focused on containing transmission and addressing the surge of critically ill patients in acute care settings. As we enter the second phase of the pandemic, emphasis must evolve to post-acute care of COVID-19 survivors. Persisting cardiorespiratory symptoms have been reported at several months after the onset of the infection.

Knowledge self-monitoring, efficiency, and determinants of self-confidence statement in multiple choice questions in medical students.

Background: Multiple-choice question (MCQ) tests are commonly used to evaluate medical students, but they do not assess self-confidence nor penalize lucky guess or harmful behaviors. Based on a scoring method according to the appropriateness of confidence in answers, the study aimed at assessing knowledge self-monitoring and efficiency, and the determinants of self-confidence.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 842 s- and third-year medical students who were asked to state their level of confidence (A: very confident, B: moderately confident and C: not confident) during 12 tests (106,806 events).

Functional characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at 30 days post-infection.

https://bit.ly/2TFMPqE

Use of CT-SCAN score and volume measures to early identify restrictive allograft syndrome in single lung transplant recipients.

Background: Restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS) after lung transplantation (LTx) is associated with the poorer graft survival in patients with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Nevertheless, its diagnostic criteria have not been clearly defined after single-LTx (SLTx). Hence, we studied an SLTx cohort with CLAD to investigate the utility of both computed tomography (CT)-score/volume measures and functional spirometric criteria for the early identification of RAS in this population.

Bacteria-driven peribronchial lymphoid neogenesis in bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis.

We aimed to characterise lymphoid neogenesis in bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis (CF) lungs and to examine the role of bacterial infection.Lymphoid aggregates were examined using immunohistochemical staining and morphometric analysis in surgical lung sections obtained from nonsmokers and patients with bronchiectasis or CF. Sterile, - or -coated agarose beads were instilled intratracheally in mice.

[Central sleep apnoea syndrome].

In central sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS), there is a dysfunction in central ventilatory command. Patients with central SAS can exhibit symptoms and complications linked to unstable sleep caused by apnoea and certain specific mechanisms (chronic and intermittent hypoxia). Central SAS is linked to several diseases which should be investigated before treatment.

Clinical characteristics, functional respiratory decline and follow-up in adult patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia.

Introduction: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic disease characterised by abnormalities in ciliary function, responsible for chronic pulmonary and sinonasal diseases. Adult clinical features and outcome are poorly described.

Objectives: To assess the clinical characteristics and disease progression in adults with PCD.

Targeting mucus hypersecretion: new therapeutic opportunities for COPD?

Airway mucus has a key role in protective innate immune responses, but excessive mucus production and secretion in proximal and in distal airways are associated with disabling symptoms (cough and sputum), lung function decline, exacerbations and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to mucin production and secretion have largely been identified using cultured epithelial cells and animal models. Cigarette smoke and microbial products are potent triggers of mucin production, which involves recognition of specific molecular patterns by cognate receptors and activation of metalloproteases at the epithelial cell surface, leading to epidermal growth factor receptor activation and mucin mRNA and protein synthesis.