Reproducibility and Relative Validity of a Short Food Frequency Questionnaire for Chinese Older Adults in Hong Kong.

Changes in an individual's digestive system, hormones, senses of smell and taste, and energy requirement accompanying aging could lead to impaired appetite, but older adults may not notice their risk of nutrient deficiency. When assessing the dietary intake of older adults, it was found that they had more difficulties with short-term recall and open-ended recall and would experience greater fatigue and frustration when compared to younger individuals when completing a lengthy questionnaire. There is a need to develop a brief dietary assessment tool to examine the nutritional needs of older adults.

Feasibility and preliminary effects of a mindfulness-based physical exercise (MBPE) program for community-dwelling older people with sarcopenia: A protocol for a parallel, two-armed pilot randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Physical exercise (PE) is essential for alleviating the symptoms of sarcopenia. Low motivation is a major barrier to PE. Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) has the potential to improve motivation.

A Health App for Post-Pandemic Years (HAPPY) for people with physiological and psychosocial distress during the post-pandemic era: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This article describes a protocol for a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of a three-level Health App for Post-Pandemic Years (HAPPY) on alleviating post-pandemic physiological and psychosocial distress.

Methods: Convenience and snowball sampling methods will be used to recruit 814 people aged 18+ with physiological and/or psychosocial distress. The experimental group will receive a 24-week intervention consisting of an 8-week regular supervision phase and a 16-week self-help phase.

Long-term care facilities' response to the COVID-19 pandemic: An international, cross-sectional survey.

Aims: To (i) assess the adherence of long-term care (LTC) facilities to the COVID-19 prevention and control recommendations, (ii) identify predictors of this adherence and (iii) examine the association between the adherence level and the impact of the pandemic on selected unfavourable conditions.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods: Managers (n = 212) and staff (n = 2143) of LTC facilities (n = 223) in 13 countries/regions (Brazil, Egypt, England, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Spain, Thailand and Turkey) evaluated the adherence of LTC facilities to COVID-19 prevention and control recommendations and the impact of the pandemic on unfavourable conditions related to staff, residents and residents' families.

Health maintenance through home-based interventions for community-dwelling older people with sarcopenia during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted people's lifestyles and changed the delivery of health interventions, especially interventions for community-dwelling older people with sarcopenia.

Objective: To summarize the components and explore the effectiveness of home-based interventions for improving sarcopenia and other health-related outcomes among community-dwelling older people with sarcopenia.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

The effectiveness of a wearable activity tracker (WAT)-based intervention to improve physical activity levels in sedentary older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The evidence shows that WAT-based interventions enhance the physical activity (PA) levels of young people by sustainably delivering behavior change techniques (BCTs). These results may not be replicable among older adults. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of WAT-based interventions in improving PA levels in sedentary older adults.

Effects on stress reduction of a modified mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for family caregivers of those with dementia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Caring for people with dementia (PWD) is stressful and poses many life challenges for the family caregivers. Interventions targeting the stress and psychological well-being of the caregivers have been proposed but the sustainable effects and efficacies of these interventions vary considerably. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been shown to be effective at reducing stress in several populations.

Knowledge, Practice, and Attitude of Nursing Home Staff Toward the Use of Physical Restraint: Have They Changed Over Time?

Purpose: Use of physical restraints is common in nursing homes, although empirical evidence has shown it to be a hazardous measure. This article aims to understand whether there were any changes in nursing home staff's knowledge, attitudes, and practices of using physical restraints in Hong Kong, after years of deliberation on this topic.

Methods: A questionnaire about the knowledge, attitude, and practice of using physical restraint was sent to all 298 staff members in four nursing homes in Hong Kong run by a nongovernmental organization.

Revealing the Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Beneficial Effects of Tai Chi: A Neuroimaging Perspective.

Tai Chi Chuan (TCC), a traditional Chinese martial art, is well-documented to result in beneficial consequences in physical and mental health. TCC is regarded as a mind-body exercise that is comprised of physical exercise and meditation. Favorable effects of TCC on body balance, gait, bone mineral density, metabolic parameters, anxiety, depression, cognitive function, and sleep have been previously reported.

Implementation of Observational Pain Management Protocol for Residents With Dementia: A Cluster-RCT.

Objectives: To investigate whether the implementation of the Observational Pain Management Protocol (Protocol) can improve pain management for nursing home residents with dementia.

Design: A two-group, single-blinded, cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Seventeen nursing homes.

The psychometric properties of the Chinese version-reintegration to normal living index (C-RNLI) for identifying participation restriction among community-dwelling frail older people.

Background: The Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI) was developed to measure reintegration to normal living after major traumas/illnesses. Its psychometric properties remain unknown when used to measure participation restriction under the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (WHO-ICF) framework. This study examines the psychometric properties of the Chinese version-RNLI to measure WHO-ICF participation restriction among community-dwelling pre-frail and frail older people.

The severity and associated factors of participation restriction among community-dwelling frail older people: an application of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (WHO-ICF).

Background: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (WHO-ICF) describes participation restriction as one aspect of disability. Participation restriction refers to health problems that can hinder people's involvement in different life events. It is rational to believe that the prevalence of participation restriction increases among a frail population.

The effectiveness of manual-guided, problem-solving-based self-learning programme for family caregivers of people with recent-onset psychosis: A randomised controlled trial with 6-month follow-up.

Background: Family intervention for psychotic disorders is an integral part of psychiatric treatment with positive effects on patients' mental state and relapse rate. However, the effect of such family-based intervention on caregivers' psychological distress and well-being, especially in non-Western countries, has received comparatively much less attention.

Objectives: To test the effects of guided problem-solving-based manual-guided self-learning programme for family caregivers of adults with recent-onset psychosis over a 6-month period of follow-up, when compared with those in usual family support service.

An individualized exercise programme with and without behavioural change enhancement strategies for managing fatigue among frail older people: a quasi-experimental pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effects of an individualized exercise programme with and without behavioural change enhancement strategies for frail older people with fatigue.

Design: A three-arm, single-blinded, quasi-experimental pilot study.

Setting: Community health centres.

Fear of falling in robust community-dwelling older people: results of a cross-sectional study.

Aims And Objectives: To identify the prevalence and risk factors for fear of falling among robust community-dwelling older people.

Background: Different models including various risk factors emerged when previous studies attempted to explore the factors' multivariate associations with fear of falling. Attempting to detect fear of falling by a single question in some previous studies may not have been sufficiently sensitive, particularly in a robust population.

Implementation of observational pain management protocol to improve pain management for long-term institutionalized older care residents with dementia: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Systematic use of observational pain tools has been advocated as a means to improve pain management for care home residents with dementia. Pain experts suggest that any observational tool should be used as part of a comprehensive pain management protocol, which should include score interpretation and verification with appropriately suggested treatments. The Observational Pain Management Protocol (Protocol) was therefore developed.

Exploring nursing assistants' roles in the process of pain management for cognitively impaired nursing home residents: a qualitative study.

Aim: To explore nursing assistants' roles during the actual process of pain management (assessment, reporting, implementation of pain-relieving interventions and re-assessment) for cognitively impaired home residents with pain.

Background: Nursing assistants provide most of the direct care to residents and represent the major taskforce in nursing homes. They may develop specialized knowledge of residents' pain experience that enables them to play both a pivotal role in pain assessment and possibly a supporting role in pain treatment.

The psychometric qualities of four observational pain tools (OPTs) for the assessment of pain in elderly people with osteoarthritic pain.

Context: Pain in cognitively impaired elderly people (CIEP) often goes unrecognized. Observational pain tools (OPTs) have been designed, but with limited evidence to support their psychometric qualities.

Objectives: This study compared four OPTs (the Pain Assessment IN Advanced Dementia [PAINAD], Abbey Pain Scale [Abbey PS], Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate [PACSLAC], and Discomfort Scale--Dementia of Alzheimer Type [DS-DAT]), two self-report scales, and two proxy-report scales in assessing osteoarthritic (OA) pain among CIEP.