AGA Clinical Practice Update on Integrating Potassium-Competitive Acid Blockers Into Clinical Practice: Expert Review.

Description: The purpose of this American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute Clinical Practice Update (CPU) is to summarize the available evidence and offer expert Best Practice Advice on the integration of potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) in the clinical management of foregut disorders, specifically including gastroesophageal reflux disease, Helicobacter pylori infection, and peptic ulcer disease.

Methods: This expert review was commissioned and approved by the AGA Institute Governing Board and CPU Committee to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership. This CPU expert review underwent internal peer review by the CPU Committee and external peer review through the standard procedures of Gastroenterology.

Patient, Parental, and Health Professional Perspectives on Growth in Children With CKD.

Rationale & Objective: Growth failure is a common problem among children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Reduced height is associated with psychosocial burden, social stigma, and impaired quality of life. This study describes the aspects of growth impairment that are most impactful from the perspectives of children with CKD, their parents, and health professionals.

LOX-1 acts as an N-methyladenosine-regulated receptor for Helicobacter pylori by binding to the bacterial catalase.

The role of N-methyladenosine (mA) modification of host mRNA during bacterial infection is unclear. Here, we show that Helicobacter pylori infection upregulates host mA methylases and increases mA levels in gastric epithelial cells. Reducing mA methylase activity via hemizygotic deletion of methylase-encoding gene Mettl3 in mice, or via small interfering RNAs targeting mA methylases, enhances H.

The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and laryngopharyngeal reflux in patients with dysphagia after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) in post-irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is unknown.

Materials And Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 31 NPC and 12 control patients completed questionnaires for GERD/LPR before esophageal manometry and 24-h pH monitoring. The DeMeester score and reflux finding score (RFS) were used to define GERD and LPR, respectively.

Randomised clinical trial: Faecal microbiota transplantation for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea.

Background: Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been shown to improve symptoms in a proportion of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Aim: We performed a randomised trial to assess the efficacy of FMT in patients with IBS.

Methods: We randomised 56 patients with diarrhoea-predominant IBS 1:1 to FMT or placebo via the duodenal route at baseline and week 4.

Long-Term Results of a Digital Hypertension Self-Management Program: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Digital health programs that incorporate frequent blood pressure (BP) self-monitoring and support for behavior change offer a scalable solution for hypertension management.

Objective: We examined the impact of a digital hypertension self-management and lifestyle change support program on BP over 12 months.

Methods: Data were analyzed from a retrospective observational cohort of commercially insured members (n=1117) that started the Omada for Hypertension program between January 1, 2019, and September 30, 2021.

Resolution of elevated interleukin-6 after surgery is associated with return of normal cognitive function.

Background: Unresolved surgical inflammation might induce chronic cognitive decline in older adults. Although inflammatory biomarkers have been correlated with perioperative cognitive impairment and delirium, the effects of prolonged inflammation on cognition are not well studied. This prospective cohort study investigated 1-yr dynamics in plasma interleukin-6 levels and executive function.

The effect of Andrographis paniculata water extract on palliative management of metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-A phase II clinical trial.

Patients with metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have a grave prognosis with limited life expectancy. Here, a phase II clinical trial was conducted to investigate the effect of Andrographis paniculata (AP) on the palliative care of patients with metastatic ESCC. Patients with metastatic or locally advanced ESCC deemed unfit for surgery, and who have already completed palliative chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy or are not fit for these treatments, were recruited.

Continuous fish muscle cell line with capacity for myogenic and adipogenic-like phenotypes.

Cell-cultivated fish offers the potential for a more ethical, sustainable, and safe seafood system. However, fish cell culture is relatively understudied in comparison to mammalian cells. Here, we established and characterized a continuous Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) skeletal muscle cell line ("Mack" cells).

Comparing diagnostic performance of Cantonese-Chinese version of Rome IV criteria and a short Reference Standard for functional dyspepsia in China.

Introduction: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is diagnosed based on self-reported symptoms and negative upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings. The Rome criteria were not adopted as a diagnostic instrument in clinical guidelines due to their complexity. Different guidelines used relatively simple symptom assessment schemes with contents that vary significantly.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy versus pneumatic dilation in treatment-naive patients with achalasia: 5-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial.

Background: 2-year follow-up data from our randomised controlled trial showed that peroral endoscopic myotomy is associated with a significantly higher efficacy than pneumatic dilation as initial treatment of therapy-naive patients with achalasia. Here we report therapeutic success rates in patients treated with peroral endoscopic myotomy compared with pneumatic dilation at the 5-year follow-up.

Methods: We did a multicentre, randomised controlled trial in six hospitals in the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Hong Kong, and the USA.

Nurse-led reinforced education by mobile messenger improves the quality of bowel preparation of colonoscopy in a population-based colorectal cancer screening program: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Adequate bowel preparation is an important colonoscopy quality indicator. Reinforced education is effective in improving bowel preparation quality of colonoscopy with mixed indications. However, it remains unclear whether such improvement can be consistently observed in pre- and post-irrigation during colonoscopy in screening population.

Kyoto international consensus report on anatomy, pathophysiology and clinical significance of the gastro-oesophageal junction.

Objective: An international meeting was organised to develop consensus on (1) the landmarks to define the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ), (2) the occurrence and pathophysiological significance of the cardiac gland, (3) the definition of the gastro-oesophageal junctional zone (GOJZ) and (4) the causes of inflammation, metaplasia and neoplasia occurring in the GOJZ.

Design: Clinical questions relevant to the afore-mentioned major issues were drafted for which expert panels formulated relevant statements and textural explanations.A Delphi method using an anonymous system was employed to develop the consensus, the level of which was predefined as ≥80% of agreement.

Evaluation of oropharyngeal deglutitive pressure dynamics in patients with Parkinson's disease.

In Parkinson's disease (PD), oropharyngeal dysphagia is common and clinically relevant. The neurophysiology of dysphagia in PD is complex and incompletely understood. The aim of the study was to determine the changes in oropharyngeal deglutitive pressure dynamics in PD and to correlate these with clinical characteristics including dysphagia and PD severity.

Clinical practice guidelines for esophageal ambulatory reflux monitoring in Chinese adults.

Esophageal ambulatory reflux monitoring is the current gold standard for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In order to facilitate standardized procedure and improve diagnostic accuracy, clinical guidelines for ambulatory esophageal reflux monitoring were developed based on thorough literature search and working group conference by experts in gastrointestinal motility. Indications, contraindications, methodology, and reporting of ambulatory esophageal reflux monitoring were discussed in these clinical guidelines.

Chinese herbal medicine for functional dyspepsia: a network meta-analysis of prokinetic-controlled randomised trials.

Background: Prokinetic is the first-line conventional treatment for functional dyspepsia (FD) in Asia despite potential adverse events. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) may be an effective and safe substitution. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of different CHM formulae for FD against prokinetics.

Baicalin ameliorates 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice through modulating skin barrier function, gut microbiota and JAK/STAT pathway.

Baicalin has distinct therapeutic effects in various skin diseases animal models such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-atopic dermatitis (AD) effects of baicalin in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-treated mice. Female BALB/c mice treated with DNCB to induce AD-like skin lesions and orally administrated with baicalin daily for 14 consecutive days.

Cricopharyngeal peroral endoscopic myotomy improves oropharyngeal dysphagia in patients with Parkinson's disease.

 Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OPD) is prevalent in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Upper esophageal sphincter (UES) dysfunction is an important pathophysiological factor for OPD in PD. The cricopharyngeus (CP) is the main component of UES.