Publications by authors named "Justin Windingoudi Kabore"
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the presence of African trypanosomes in the skin of individuals at risk for gambiense Human African Trypanosomiasis (gHAT) in Guinea, finding that a significant number of seropositive individuals carry the parasites in their dermal layers.
- Out of nearly 19,000 screened participants, 96 were included, revealing dermatological symptoms to be more common in seropositive individuals compared to seronegative ones.
- Follow-up showed a decrease in skin parasite detection post-treatment, but a notable percentage of untreated seropositive individuals continued to test positive, highlighting potential challenges in achieving gHAT elimination.
Strategies to detect Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) cases rely on serological screening of populations exposed to trypanosomes. In Guinea, mass medical screening surveys performed with the Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosomiasis have been progressively replaced by door-to-door approaches using Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) since 2016. However, RDTs availability represents a major concern and medical teams must often adapt, even in the absence of prior RDT performance evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective set by WHO to reach elimination of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) as a public health problem by 2020 is being achieved. The next target is the interruption of gambiense-HAT transmission in humans by 2030. To monitor progress towards this target, in areas where specialized local HAT control capacities will disappear, is a major challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfrica contains more human genetic variation than any other continent, but the majority of the population-scale analyses of the African peoples have focused on just two of the four major linguistic groups, the Niger-Congo and Afro-Asiatic, leaving the Nilo-Saharan and Khoisan populations under-represented. In order to assess genetic variation and signatures of selection within a Nilo-Saharan population and between the Nilo-Saharan and Niger-Congo and Afro-Asiatic, we sequenced 50 genomes from the Nilo-Saharan Lugbara population of North-West Uganda and 250 genomes from 6 previously unsequenced Niger-Congo populations. We compared these data to data from a further 16 Eurasian and African populations including the Gumuz, another putative Nilo-Saharan population from Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Copy number variation (CNV) is a significant form of genomic change affecting 75% of the human genome but is underreported in African populations, which could impact disease susceptibility and adaptation.
- Researchers sequenced genomes from 232 individuals across three African ethno-linguistic groups, identifying 7608 CNVRs, including novel variants, and found that many were population-specific.
- The study established a connection between CNVs and genetic selection, showing that CNVs were often linked to SNPs associated with conditions like HIV and preeclampsia, enhancing the understanding of African genomic diversity.
Infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense is characterized by a wide array of clinical outcomes, ranging from asymptomatic to acute disease and even spontaneous cure. In this study, we investigated the association between macrophage migrating inhibitory factor (MIF), an important pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in both innate and acquired immunity, and disease outcome during T. b.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Important control efforts have led to a significant reduction of the prevalence of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in Côte d'Ivoire, but the disease is still present in several foci. The existence of an animal reservoir of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense may explain disease persistence in these foci where animal breeding is an important source of income but where the prevalence of animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) is unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the trypanosome species circulating in domestic animals in both Bonon and Sinfra HAT endemic foci.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), a lethal disease induced by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, has a range of clinical outcomes in its human host in West Africa: an acute form progressing rapidly to second stage, spontaneous self-cure and individuals able to regulate parasitaemia at very low levels, have all been reported from endemic foci. In order to test if this clinical diversity is influenced by host genetic determinants, the association between candidate gene polymorphisms and HAT outcome was investigated in populations from HAT active foci in Guinea.
Methodology And Results: Samples were collected from 425 individuals; comprising of 232 HAT cases, 79 subjects with long lasting positive and specific serology but negative parasitology and 114 endemic controls.