The outcomes of robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in the Atlantic demographic-a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from ischemic heart disease over its six decades of practice. In recent years, minimally invasive techniques have been increasingly described and utilized, with the promise of providing patients with the same standard of care without the need for the traditional full sternotomy, and in select cases without cardiopulmonary bypass, and thus providing improved recovery metrics. The present systematic review and meta-analysis sought to determine the outcomes of all patients receiving robotic-assisted CABG in an Atlantic patient demographic.

Extreme Domain Wall Speeds under Ultrafast Optical Excitation.

Time-resolved ultrafast EUV magnetic scattering was used to test a recent prediction of >10  km/s domain wall speeds by optically exciting a magnetic sample with a nanoscale labyrinthine domain pattern. Ultrafast distortion of the diffraction pattern was observed at markedly different timescales compared to the magnetization quenching. The diffraction pattern distortion shows a threshold dependence with laser fluence, not seen for magnetization quenching, consistent with a picture of domain wall motion with pinning sites.

Tabletop extreme ultraviolet reflectometer for quantitative nanoscale reflectometry, scatterometry, and imaging.

Imaging using coherent extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) light provides exceptional capabilities for the characterization of the composition and geometry of nanostructures by probing with high spatial resolution and elemental specificity. We present a multi-modal tabletop EUV imaging reflectometer for high-fidelity metrology of nanostructures. The reflectometer is capable of measurements in three distinct modes: intensity reflectometry, scatterometry, and imaging reflectometry, where each mode addresses different nanostructure characterization challenges.

Bupropion-Induced Delayed Hypersensitivity Serum Sickness-Like Reaction.

Bupropion is an antidepressant utilized widely for the treatment of various mood disorders and smoking cessation due to its favorable side effect profile, cost, and response to therapy. While serious adverse reactions are rare, in the decades since its approval by the FDA, multiple cases of serum sickness-like reactions to bupropion have been reported, amongst other adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This report is of the case of a 25-year-old female who developed a serum sickness-like reaction to bupropion 21 days after initiation of treatment.

Megahertz-rate ultrafast X-ray scattering and holographic imaging at the European XFEL.

The advent of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) has revolutionized fundamental science, from atomic to condensed matter physics, from chemistry to biology, giving researchers access to X-rays with unprecedented brightness, coherence and pulse duration. All XFEL facilities built until recently provided X-ray pulses at a relatively low repetition rate, with limited data statistics. Here, results from the first megahertz-repetition-rate X-ray scattering experiments at the Spectroscopy and Coherent Scattering (SCS) instrument of the European XFEL are presented.

Skyrmions in synthetic antiferromagnets and their nucleation via electrical current and ultra-fast laser illumination.

Magnetic skyrmions are topological spin textures that hold great promise as nanoscale information carriers in non-volatile memory and logic devices. While room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-induced motion were recently demonstrated, the stray field resulting from their finite magnetisation and their topological charge limit their minimum size and reliable motion. Antiferromagnetic skyrmions allow to lift these limitations owing to their vanishing magnetisation and net zero topological charge, promising ultra-small and ultra-fast skyrmions.

-Rearranged Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland: A Report in a 20-Month-Old Toddler.

Malignancies of salivary gland origin are rare in children. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common histologic type of salivary gland neoplasm in pediatrics. We report a rare case of parotid MEC in a 20-month-old female patient.

Effect of gas composition during Pt sputtering on structural and magnetic properties of CoFeB thin films.

Ultrathin Ta/CoFeB/Pt trilayer structures are relevant to a wide range of spintronic applications, from magnetic tunnel junctions to skyrmionics devices. Controlling the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, Gilbert damping and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in the CoFeB layer is key for these applications. We examine the role of sputter gas composition during the Pt overlayer deposition of a Ta/CoFeB/Pt trilayer in Ar, Kr and Xe working gas environments during direct current magnetron sputtering.

Quantifying Spin-Mixed States in Ferromagnets.

We quantify the presence of spin-mixed states in ferromagnetic 3D transition metals by precise measurement of the orbital moment. While central to phenomena such as Elliot-Yafet scattering, quantification of the spin-mixing parameter has hitherto been confined to theoretical calculations. We demonstrate that this information is also available by experimental means.

Nonlinear losses in magnon transport due to four-magnon scattering.

We report on the impact of nonlinear four-magnon scattering on magnon transport in microstructured CoFe waveguides with low magnetic damping. We determine the magnon propagation length with microfocused Brillouin light scattering over a broad range of excitation powers and detect a decrease of the attenuation length at high powers. This is consistent with the onset of nonlinear four-magnon scattering.

Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Antimalarial Efficacy of 6-Chloro-2-arylvinylquinolines.

There is an urgent need to develop new efficacious antimalarials to address the emerging drug-resistant clinical cases. Our previous phenotypic screening identified styrylquinoline as a promising antimalarial compound. To optimize , we herein report a detailed structure-activity relationship study of 2-arylvinylquinolines, leading to the discovery of potent, low nanomolar antiplasmodial compounds against a CQ-resistant Dd2 strain, with excellent selectivity profiles (resistance index < 1 and selectivity index > 200).

Classification of time-domain waveforms using a speckle-based optical reservoir computer.

Reservoir computing is a recurrent machine learning framework that expands the dimensionality of a problem by mapping an input signal into a higher-dimension reservoir space that can capture and predict features of complex, non-linear temporal dynamics. Here, we report on a bulk electro-optical demonstration of a reservoir computer using speckles generated by propagating a laser beam modulated with a spatial light modulator through a multimode waveguide. We demonstrate that the hardware can successfully perform a multivariate audio classification task performed using the Japanese vowel speakers public data set.

Direct light-induced spin transfer between different elements in a spintronic Heusler material via femtosecond laser excitation.

Heusler compounds are exciting materials for future spintronics applications because they display a wide range of tunable electronic and magnetic interactions. Here, we use a femtosecond laser to directly transfer spin polarization from one element to another in a half-metallic Heusler material, CoMnGe. This spin transfer initiates as soon as light is incident on the material, demonstrating spatial transfer of angular momentum between neighboring atomic sites on time scales < 10 fs.

Correlation between Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and orbital angular momentum at an oxide-ferromagnet interface.

We report on the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DMI) interaction at the interface between a ferromagnet and an oxide. We demonstrate experimentally that oxides can give rise to DMI. By comparison of systems comprised of Pt/CoFe/oxide and Cu/CoFe/oxide, we also show how oxidation of one interface can enhance and add to the total DMI of that generated by the Pt interface.

Complete Genome Sequence of Citrobacter freundii Siphophage Sazh.

As an opportunistic pathogen, is involved in a wide spectrum of nosocomial infections. phages may prove useful as therapeutics for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of siphophage Sazh, which is closely related to phages T1 and TLS.

Feature identification in time-indexed model output.

We present a method for identifying features (time periods of interest) in data sets consisting of time-indexed model output. The method is used as a diagnostic to quickly focus the attention on a subset of the data before further analysis methods are applied. Mathematically, the infinity norm errors of empirical orthogonal function (EOF) reconstructions are calculated for each time output.

Near-unity spin Hall ratio in Ni Cu alloys.

We report a large spin Hall effect in the 3 transition metal alloy Ni Cu for ∈ {0.3, 0.75}, detected via the ferromagnetic resonance of a permalloy (Py = NiFe) film deposited in a bilayer with the alloy.

Feature identification in time series data sets.

We present a computationally inexpensive, flexible feature identification method which uses a comparison of time series to identify a rank-ordered set of features in geophysically-sourced data sets. Many physical phenomena perturb multiple physical variables nearly simultaneously, and so features are identified as time periods in which there are local maxima of absolute deviation in all time series. Unlike other available methods, this method allows the analyst to tune the method using their knowledge of the physical context.

Domain-wall motion and interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions in Pt/Co/Ir( )/Ta multilayers.

The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is important for chiral domain walls (DWs) and for stabilizing magnetic skyrmions. We study the effects of introducing increasing thicknesses of Ir, from zero to 2 nm, into a Pt/Co/Ta multilayer between the Co and Ta layers. There is a marked increase in magnetic moment, due to the suppression of the dead layer at the interface with Ta, but the perpendicular anisotropy is hardly affected.

Magnetoelasticity of CoFe thin films.

We investigate the magnetoelastic properties of CoFe and CoFe thin films by measuring the mechanical properties of a doubly clamped string resonator covered with multilayer stacks containing these films. For the magnetostrictive constants, we find = (-20.68 ± 0.

High spin-wave propagation length consistent with low damping in a metallic ferromagnet.

We report ultralow intrinsic magnetic damping in CoFe heterostructures, reaching the low 10 regime at room temperature. By using a broadband ferromagnetic resonance technique in out-of-plane geometry, we extracted the dynamic magnetic properties of several CoFebased heterostructures with varying ferromagnetic layer thicknesses. By measuring radiative damping and spin pumping effects, we found the intrinsic damping of a 26 nm thick sample to be ≲ 3.

Demonstration of speckle-based compressive sensing system for recovering RF signals.

We demonstrate measurement of RF signals in the 2-19 GHz band using a photonic compressive sensing (CS) receiver. The RF is modulated onto chirped optical pulses that then propagate through a multimode fiber that produces the random projections needed for CS via optical speckle. Our system makes 16 independent measurements per optical pulse and we demonstrate several calibration techniques to obtain the CS measurement matrix from these measurements.

Magnetic domain texture and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Pt/Co/IrMn and Pt/Co/FeMn thin films with perpendicular exchange bias.

Antiferromagnetic materials present us with rich and exciting physics, which we can exploit to open new avenues in spintronic device applications. We explore perpendicularly magnetized exchange biased systems of Pt/Co/IrMn and Pt/Co/FeMn, where the crossover from paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic behavior in the IrMn and FeMn layers is accessed by varying the thickness. We demonstrate, through magneto-optical imaging, that the magnetic domain morphology of the ferromagnetic Co layer is influenced by the Néel order of the antiferromagnet (AFM) layers.

Near- and Extended-Edge X-Ray-Absorption Fine-Structure Spectroscopy Using Ultrafast Coherent High-Order Harmonic Supercontinua.

Recent advances in high-order harmonic generation have made it possible to use a tabletop-scale setup to produce spatially and temporally coherent beams of light with bandwidth spanning 12 octaves, from the ultraviolet up to x-ray photon energies >1.6  keV. Here we demonstrate the use of this light for x-ray-absorption spectroscopy at the K- and L-absorption edges of solids at photon energies near 1 keV.

Controlling the polarization and vortex charge of attosecond high-harmonic beams via simultaneous spin-orbit momentum conservation.

Optical interactions are governed by both spin and angular momentum conservation laws, which serve as a tool for controlling light-matter interactions or elucidating electron dynamics and structure of complex systems. Here, we uncover a form of simultaneous spin and orbital angular momentum conservation and show, theoretically and experimentally, that this phenomenon allows for unprecedented control over the divergence and polarization of extreme-ultraviolet vortex beams. High harmonics with spin and orbital angular momenta are produced, opening a novel regime of angular momentum conservation that allows for manipulation of the polarization of attosecond pulses-from linear to circular-and for the generation of circularly polarized vortices with tailored orbital angular momentum, including harmonic vortices with the same topological charge as the driving laser beam.