Publications by authors named "Justin Samuel"

Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in endemic regions of Africa, with being the most virulent species. This case report details the presentation of a 24-year-old Caucasian woman who collapsed at a train station in the United Kingdom after experiencing a week of fever, malaise, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal symptoms. At emergency care, she was initially resuscitated with intravenous fluids and antipyretics.

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Article Synopsis
  • Poor muscle health, indicated by the normalized total psoas area (NTPA), is linked to negative recovery outcomes in spinal deformity surgery, which is a gap in current research.
  • The study aims to explore how NTPA correlates with patient mobility and the incidence of adverse events (AEs) post-surgery by analyzing data from 279 patients over a nine-year period.
  • Results include assessing postoperative ambulation and complications like urinary issues and delayed healing, using data from MRI to establish cut-off values for NTPA related to patient recovery.
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Case: A 30-year-old man with a history of advanced HIV disease (AHD) presented with bilateral equinocavus, leg, and foot muscle paresis, Brooker grade 4 heterotopic ossification of hips and knee stiffness, and was unable to sit upright, stand independently, or walk. Electromyography showed demyelinating sensorimotor and axonal polyneuropathy of lower extremities. Multiple surgeries of bilateral hips, ankles, and feet enabled joint mobility, plantigrade feet, and independent ambulation.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigates the carbon footprint (CF) associated with adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery, aiming to fill the gap in research about its environmental impact.
  • - Researchers analyzed data from 15 matched pairs of patients who underwent either traditional open surgery or minimally invasive surgery, collecting data on disposables, reusable instruments, anesthetic gases, and energy used.
  • - The findings reveal an average CF of 147.7 kg-COe per surgery, primarily due to energy used for sterilization (54%) and anesthetic gas emissions (17%), suggesting a need for a multidisciplinary approach to reduce carbon emissions in surgical practices.
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Background Context: Returning to recreational sporting activities after adult spinal deformity (ASD) correction may significantly impact the patient's perceived quality of life.

Purpose: This study sought to characterize participation in sporting activities before and after ASD surgery, and to identify factors associated with impaired return to sports.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey and retrospective review of prospectively collected data.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study used a retrospective cohort design to investigate the impact of bracing on proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) after adult spinal deformity correction.
  • Starting in 2021, patients who underwent lower thoracic fusions were braced for the first 6 weeks post-surgery, and a non-braced group was matched for comparison based on various factors.
  • Results indicated that braced patients experienced significantly lower rates of PJK at one year compared to non-braced patients, suggesting the potential benefits of extension bracing and paving the way for future studies.
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Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To determine the relationship between preoperative physical therapy (PT) and postoperative mobility, adverse events (AEs), and length of stay (LOS) among patients with low normalized total psoas area (NTPA) undergoing adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery.

Background: Sarcopenia, as defined by low NTPA, has been shown to predict poor perioperative outcomes of ASD surgery.

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Study Design: Reliability analysis.

Objectives: Vertebral pelvic angles (VPA) are gaining popularity given their ability to describe the shape of the spine. Understanding the reliability and minimal detectable change (MDC) is necessary to determine how these measurement tools should be used in the manual assessment of spine radiographs.

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Purpose: To assess the characteristics and risk factors for decisional regret following corrective adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery at our hospital.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of a single-surgeon ASD database. Adult patients (> 40 years) who underwent ASD surgery from May 2016 to December 2020 with minimum 2-year follow-up were included (posterior-only, ≥ 4 levels fused to the pelvis) (n = 120).

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Purpose: To analyze reporting bias in the form of spin present in systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the topic of primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair.

Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed throughout this study. Peer-reviewed systematic reviews were collected from 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus), and their abstracts were assessed for the 15 most common types of spin.

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Study Design: This is a retrospective case-control study.

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to identify (1) risk factors for delayed ambulation following adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery and (2) complications associated with delayed ambulation.

Methods: One-hundred and ninety-one patients with ASD who underwent posterior-only fusion (≥5 levels, LIV pelvis) were reviewed.

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Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between nerve lengthening after adult deformity correction and motor deficits dervied from the upper lumbar plexus or femoral nerve.

Summary Of Background Data: Adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery is associated with high rates of neurological deficits.

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Introduction: Mental health concerns are increasing exponentially within the college student population. Successfully coping with the stress of adjusting to college can be difficult particularly for students majoring in science- and health-related disciplines like pharmacy. This study aimed to understand how well-being is integrated and could be improved upon within the learning environment from the students' perspective.

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Flower development at the shoot apex is initiated in response to environmental cues. Day length is one of the most important of these and is perceived in the leaves. A systemic signal, called the floral stimulus or florigen, is then transmitted from the leaves through the phloem and induces floral development at the shoot apex.

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