Medical delivery without representation?: Examining disability representation within the healthcare community.

 Individuals with disabilities comprise approximately 13% of the overall population. This editorial explores recent events that may involve ableism. The recent COVID pandemic created a rapid need and pressure to develop ventilator allotment policies.

Deep brain stimulation in a pediatric dystonia patient with cochlear implants and mitochondrial disorder: novel application of a frameless stereotactic system and navigating the anesthesia choice and neurosurgical complexities. Illustrative case.

Background: This report presents a case of medically refractory dystonia in a pediatric patient successfully treated with bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) while under general anesthesia by using microelectrode recordings (MERs) with intraoperative computed tomography (CT).

Observations: The patient was an 18-year-old female with primary dystonia secondary to mitochondrial Leigh syndrome. Her past medical history was significant for complex partial epilepsy and hearing loss treated with cochlear implants.

A risk-stratified approach toward safely resuming OnabotulinumtoxinA injections based on dosing and ambulatory status in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy during the Coronavirus pandemic of 2019 (COVID-19).

Purpose: After the onset of the Coronavirus pandemic of 2019-2020 (COVID-19), physicians who inject OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) were left with determining risks and benefits in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy. Many of these patients have pre-existing conditions that make them more prone to COVID-19 symptoms, and this susceptibility potentially increases after BoNT-A injections.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 500 patients identified 256 pediatric patients with cerebral palsy who received an intramuscular BoNT-A injection to determine relative doses used for each Gross Motor Functional Classification Score (GMFCS).

Ecological distributions, phenological isolation, and genetic structure in sympatric and parapatric populations of the Larrea tridentata polyploid complex.

Premise Of The Study: Polyploidy is widely recognized as a mechanism of diversification. Contributions of polyploidy to specific pre- and postzygotic barriers-and classifications of polyploid speciation as "ecological" vs. "non-ecological"-are more contentious.

Ecological studies of polyploidy in the 100 years following its discovery.

Polyploidy is a mutation with profound phenotypic consequences and thus hypothesized to have transformative effects in plant ecology. This is most often considered in the context of geographical and environmental distributions-as achieved from divergence of physiological and life-history traits-but may also include species interactions and biological invasion. This paper presents a historical overview of hypotheses and empirical data regarding the ecology of polyploids.

Back to the future with phenotypic screening.

There are no disease-modifying drugs for any old age associated neurodegenerative disease or stroke. This is at least in part due to the failure of drug developers to recognize that the vast majority of neurodegenerative diseases arise from a confluence of multiple toxic insults that accumulate during normal aging and interact with genetic and environmental risk factors. Thus, it is unlikely that the current single target approach based upon rare dominant mutations or even a few preselected targets is going to yield useful drugs for these conditions.

Emergent decarboxylase activity and attenuation of α/β-hydrolase activity during the evolution of methylketone biosynthesis in tomato.

Specialized methylketone-containing metabolites accumulate in certain plants, in particular wild tomatoes in which they serve as toxic compounds against chewing insects. In Solanum habrochaites f. glabratum, methylketone biosynthesis occurs in the plastids of glandular trichomes and begins with intermediates of de novo fatty acid synthesis.

Polyploidy and ecological adaptation in wild yarrow.

Chromosome evolution in flowering plants is often punctuated by polyploidy, genome duplication events that fundamentally alter DNA content, chromosome number, and gene dosage. Polyploidy confers postzygotic reproductive isolation and is thought to drive ecological divergence and range expansion. The adaptive value of polyploidy, however, remains uncertain; ecologists have traditionally relied on observational methods that cannot distinguish effects of polyploidy per se from genic differences that accumulate after genome duplication.

Rapid adaptive divergence in new world achillea, an autopolyploid complex of ecological races.

Adaptive evolution is often associated with speciation. In plants, however, ecotypic differentiation is common within widespread species, suggesting that climatic and edaphic specialization can outpace cladogenesis and the evolution of postzygotic reproductive isolation. We used cpDNA sequence (5 noncoding regions, 3.

Components of reproductive isolation between the monkeyflowers Mimulus lewisii and M. cardinalis (Phrymaceae).

Evolutionists have long recognized the role of reproductive isolation in speciation, but the relative contributions of different reproductive barriers are poorly understood. We examined the nature of isolation between Mimulus lewisii and M. cardinalis, sister species of monkeyflowers.