Prevalence and risk factors of type II diabetes mellitus among people living with HIV in Texas.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among people living with HIV (PLWH). Cross-sectional data of 989 PLWH in Texas obtained from the 2015-2017 Texas and Houston Medical Monitoring Project were examined. T2DM was identified by formal medical chart diagnosis, insulin/oral hypoglycemic prescriptions, or most recent fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL.

HIV Comorbidities-Pay Attention to Hypertension Amid Changing Guidelines: An Analysis of Texas Medical Monitoring Project Data.

Background: Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of death among people living with HIV (PLWH). Studies suggest that hypertension prevalence among PLWH is high, yet none assess how the 2017 redefinition of hypertension as ≥130/80 rather than the previous standard of ≥140/90 mm Hg will affect prevalence among PLWH. This study addresses this gap.

Long-term yogurt consumption and risk of incident hypertension in adults.

Objective: To evaluate the relation between yogurt consumption as well as cheese, milk, and total dairy, and high blood pressure (HBP) in two Nurses' Health Study cohorts (NHS, n = 69 298), NHS II (n = 84 368) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS, n = 30 512).

Methods: NHS, NHS II, and HPFS participants were followed for incident HBP for up to 30, 20, and 24 years, respectively. Hazard ratios were calculated using time-dependent multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.

Regular Yogurt Intake and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Hypertensive Adults.

Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is a major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Clinical trials including Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) have demonstrated beneficial effects of dairy consumption on risks of HBP and CVD. Yogurt, a fermented dairy product, may independently be related to CVD risk.

Longitudinal effects of dietary sodium and potassium on blood pressure in adolescent girls.

Importance: Identification of risk factors early in life for the development of high blood pressure is critical to the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Objective: To study prospectively the effect of dietary sodium, potassium, and the potassium to sodium ratio on adolescent blood pressure.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Growth and Health Study is a prospective cohort study with sites in Richmond, California; Cincinnati, Ohio; and Washington, DC.

Diets higher in protein predict lower high blood pressure risk in Framingham Offspring Study adults.

Background: Short-term clinical trials suggest that dietary protein lowers blood pressure (BP); however, long-term effects of total, animal, and plant proteins are less clear. Our goal was to evaluate effects of these dietary proteins on mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) and incident high BP (HBP) risk among middle-aged adults in the Framingham Offspring Study.

Methods: Men and women (aged 30-54 years) without prevalent HBP, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes with 3-day dietary records from exams 3 or 5 (n = 1,361) were included and followed for a mean of 11.

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating pattern and risk of elevated blood pressure in adolescent girls.

Dietary determinants of adolescent blood pressure (BP) are poorly understood. The goal of the present study was to assess the effects of an eating pattern similar to that from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) study on adolescent BP. Data from 2185 girls followed-up over 10 years (until the girls were 18-20 years of age) in the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's Growth and Health Study were used in this analysis.