SUPPLEMENTAL DEXTROSE IN THE INFUSION FLUID DURING DIABETIC VITRECTOMY.

Purpose: Historically, supplemental dextrose to infusion fluid has been used to reduce the need for intraoperative lensectomies to maintain visualization during diabetic vitrectomy. Valved, small-gauge vitrectomy has reduced surgical time and decreased intraoperative fluid flow. Assessment of supplemental dextrose in modern vitrectomy is presented in this study.

The Wisconsin silicone oil study (report #1): anatomical and functional outcomes of repair of retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Background: Silicone oil (SO) is a long-term tamponade for repair of complex retinal pathology but has limitations including late redetachment. This study describes our experience with SO tamponade for repair of retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), with attention to anatomic and functional outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective consecutive case series of eyes with retinal detachment (RD) complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) receiving SO tamponade at the University of Wisconsin between 2013 and 2019.

Redefining the Spectrum of Pentosan Polysulfate Retinopathy: Multimodal Imaging Findings from a Cross-Sectional Screening Study.

Purpose: There is growing evidence of a direct association between pentosan polysulfate (PPS) therapy and the development of macular changes. Using standardized visual acuity (VA) testing and multimodal imaging, we investigated the impact of PPS therapy on vision and described an expanded spectrum of imaging findings among PPS users.

Design: Cross-sectional screening study.

Outcomes of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair When Comparing Surgeon Continuity in a Team-Based Practice.

Background And Objective: To facilitate timely surgery and efficient use of operating room time, our practice uses a team-based approach so patients may undergo primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery with a different surgeon instead of the diagnosing surgeon.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 331 eyes that underwent RRD surgery. Patients were divided into two groups: RRD surgery performed by the diagnosing surgon, and RRD surgery performed by a different surgeon.

Central Retinal Thickness and Visual Acuity Outcomes After Vitrectomy for Epiretinal Membrane With and Without Internal Limiting Membrane Peel.

Purpose: This work compares best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) outcome measures following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with and without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peel for epiretinal membrane (ERM).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 114 eyes of 114 patients with visually significant ERM undergoing PPV with membrane peel (PPV/MP) at a single institution. CRT measurements were collected from Heidelberg and Zeiss spectral-domain optical coherence tomography imaging units.

Alcohol Pads and Nonsterile Gloves in Preparation of Aflibercept.

Use of nonsterile gloves and an alcohol pad does not significantly impact the contamination of the rubber septum of the aflibercept vial. Other contamination points might instead be explored for endophthalmitis risk.

Bilateral Macular Holes in Adult Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy.

Purpose: This report describes a case of bilateral macular holes (MHs) in adult vitelliform macular dystrophy (AVMD).

Methods: A retrospective case report of a patient with AVMD and sequential onset of bilateral MHs is presented.

Results: Bilateral MHs were observed after vitreomacular traction was identified on optical coherence tomography.

Is There an Increased Prevalence of Asteroid Hyalosis in Eyes with Uveal Melanoma? A Histopathologic Study.

During the planning meeting for the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS) prior to the start of patient recruitment in 1986, there was an interest expressed in determining whether a relationship existed between the presence of uveal melanoma (UM) and asteroid hyalosis (AH). To answer this question, the ophthalmic examination form (unlike the pathology form for enucleated eyes) for each COMS patient asked whether AH was present or not. Though an increased prevalence was not found, this result was never published.

STENOTROPHOMONAS MALTOPHILIA ENDOPHTHALMITIS 1 MONTH AFTER INTRAVITREAL AFLIBERCEPT.

Purpose: Endophthalmitis caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is rare and has been described after cataract surgery and open globe injuries. We report a patient with endophthalmitis caused by this organism after uncomplicated intravitreal aflibercept injection.

Methods: A 70-year-old man with a history of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for diabetic macular edema presented 23 days after aflibercept injection with clinical diagnosis of endophthalmitis.

Multi-modal imaging and anatomic classification of the white dot syndromes.

The white dot syndromes (WDS) are a diverse group of posterior uveitidies that share similar clinical findings but are unique from one another. Multimodal imaging has allowed us to better understand the morphology, the activity and age of lesions, and whether there is CNV associated with these different ocular pathologies. The "white dot syndromes" and their uveitic masqueraders can now be anatomically categorized based on lesion localization.

Successful treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to persistent placoid maculopathy with intravitreal bevacizumab.

Purpose: To report a case of posterior placoid maculopathy with secondary choroidal neovascularization that responded favorably to repeat intravitreal injections of bevacizumab with long-term follow-up.

Methods: Patient data from all clinic visits were reviewed. These include visual acuity measurements and clinical examination findings, optical coherence tomography, color fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography images from the initial visit and follow-up encounters.

Response to aflibercept in patients with persistent exudation despite prior treatment with bevacizumab or ranibizumab for age-related macular degeneration.

Background And Objective: This study examines the clinical response of patients transitioned to aflibercept, the newest anti-VEGF medication, due to persistent evidence of exudation on optical coherence tomography (OCT) despite regular treatment with bevacizumab and/or ranibizumab.

Patients And Methods: Aflibercept was administered to 111 patients considered for study inclusion. Eyes were included if they were transitioned to aflibercept for treatment of persistent exudation on OCT despite regular treatment with at least three injections of ranibizumab or bevacizumab.

Modulation of thrombospondin 1 and pigment epithelium-derived factor levels in vitreous fluid of patients with diabetes.

Objective: To determine the levels of 2 endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis, thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), in the vitreous fluid from patients with and without diabetes.

Methods: The levels of TSP-1 and PEDF in vitreous samples from diabetic and age-matched nondiabetic patients were determined by Western blot analysis.

Results: We observed significant amounts of TSP-1 and PEDF in the vitreous samples of control eyes.

High dose zinc increases hospital admissions due to genitourinary complications.

Purpose: Zinc is a common dietary supplement that is widely believed to have beneficial health effects. To assess the impact of high dose supplemental zinc on genitourinary diseases we analyzed a recent randomized trial comparing zinc, antioxidants and their combination to placebo for complications related to the genitourinary tract.

Materials And Methods: In a further analysis of the recent Age-related Eye Disease Study we examined the data pool for primary International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision codes given for hospital admissions related to urological problems.

Relationship between optical coherence tomography-measured central retinal thickness and visual acuity in diabetic macular edema.

Objective: To compare optical coherence tomography (OCT)-measured retinal thickness and visual acuity in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) both before and after macular laser photocoagulation.

Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

Participants: Two hundred ten patients (251 eyes) with DME enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of laser techniques.

Intravitreal triamcinolone for the treatment of macular edema associated with central retinal vein occlusion.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide as treatment for macular edema associated with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 13 consecutive patients (13 eyes) with macular edema associated with CRVO who were treated with an injection of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (4 mg) at the University of Wisconsin and the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. Each intravitreal injection was delivered through the pars plana using a 27- or 30-gauge needle.

The white dot syndromes.

Purpose: To review the distinctive and shared features of the white dot syndromes, highlighting the clinical findings, diagnostic test results, proposed etiologies, treatments, and prognosis.

Design: Review.

Methods: Review of the literature.

Ophthalmology on the internet: what do our patients find?

The Internet has become a favorite source of medical information for a growing number of patients. At the same time, content on the Internet represents an amalgamation of viewpoints, commercial interests, and various biases. A common way to access Internet information is through commercial portals with proprietary search engines.

Helping low-income patients obtain prescription medications.

Low-income patients without prescription medication insurance coverage may be forced to choose between essential medications and food. Programs are available to help low-income patients obtain prescription medications at no cost.