Acquired FGFR and FGF Alterations Confer Resistance to Estrogen Receptor (ER) Targeted Therapy in ER Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Purpose: To identify clinically relevant mechanisms of resistance to ER-directed therapies in ER breast cancer.

Experimental Design: We conducted a genome-scale functional screen spanning 10,135 genes to investigate genes whose overexpression confer resistance to selective estrogen receptor degraders. In parallel, we performed whole-exome sequencing in paired pretreatment and postresistance biopsies from 60 patients with ER metastatic breast cancer who had developed resistance to ER-targeted therapy.