Three-Dimensional Congenital Heart Models Created With Free Software and a Desktop Printer: Assessment of Accuracy, Technical Aspects, and Clinical Use.

Background: Three-dimensional printing is increasingly recognized as a valuable tool for congenital heart disease (CHD) procedural planning and education. Cost and complexity currently limit the more widespread adoption of this technology. We sought to demonstrate the accuracy of 3D printed CHD models created from contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans using free software and an inexpensive desktop fused filament fabrication (FFF) printer.