Evaluation of scrotal masses.

Scrotal masses are caused by a variety of disorders, ranging from benign conditions to those requiring emergent surgical intervention. Painful scrotal masses require urgent evaluation. Characteristics that suggest testicular torsion include rapid symptom onset, nausea and vomiting, high position of the testicle, and abnormal cremasteric reflex.

"Doctor, my thumb hurts".

How should you treat these common causes of nontraumatic thumb pain? Use this evidence-based review as a clinical decision-making guide.