The Detection of Bacteria in the Maxillary Sinus Secretion of Patients With Acute Rhinosinusitis Using an Electronic Nose: A Pilot Study.

Objective: Detecting bacteria as a causative pathogen of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a challenging task. Electronic nose technology is a novel method for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that has also been studied in association with the detection of several diseases. The aim of this pilot study was to analyze maxillary sinus secretion with differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) and to determine whether the secretion demonstrates a different VOC profile when bacteria are present.

Identifying chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps by analyzing aspirated nasal air with an electronic nose based on differential mobility spectrometry.

Background: The diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complicated procedure. An electronic nose (eNose) is a novel method that detects disease from gas-phase mixtures, such as human breath.

Aims/objectives: To determine whether an eNose based on differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) can detect chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) by analyzing aspirated nasal air.

Differentiation of aspirated nasal air from room air using analysis with a differential mobility spectrometry-based electronic nose: a proof-of-concept study.

Over the last few decades, breath analysis using electronic nose (eNose) technology has become a topic of intense research, as it is both non-invasive and painless, and is suitable for point-of-care use. To date, however, only a few studies have examined nasal air. As the air in the oral cavity and the lungs differs from the air in the nasal cavity, it is unknown whether aspirated nasal air could be exploited with eNose technology.

In vitro detection of common rhinosinusitis bacteria by the eNose utilising differential mobility spectrometry.

Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a sudden, symptomatic inflammation of the nasal and paranasal mucosa. It is usually caused by respiratory virus infection, but bacteria complicate for a small number of ARS patients. The differential diagnostics between viral and bacterial pathogens is difficult and currently no rapid methodology exists, so antibiotics are overprescribed.

Retrospective analysis of a combined endoscopic and transcutaneous technique for the management of parotid salivary gland stones.

Sialendoscopy is used in the diagnosis and treatment of various symptoms relating to the salivary gland, e.g. chronic swelling or obstruction and inflammation of the salivary duct.

HHV-6-positivity in diseases with demyelination.

Background: The triggering agent of multiple sclerosis is still unknown and many viruses, including human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), are under suspicion. In earlier study we found patients who had HHV-6 reactive OCBs in their CSF. We wanted to investigate whether HHV-6 has an active role in diseases with demyelination.

[Combined technique in the removal of parotid gland stones].

Sialendoscopy is used in the diagnostics and treatment of salivary gland swelling. Small intraductal stones can be removed with various instruments during sialendoscopy. In cases with larger fixed stones a combined technique can be applied.

Viruses and multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous disease that develops as an interplay between the immune system and environmental stimuli in genetically susceptible individuals. There is increasing evidence that viruses may play a role in MS pathogenesis acting as these environmental triggers. However, it is not known if any single virus is causal, or rather several viruses can act as triggers in disease development.

Intrathecal human herpesvirus 6 antibodies in multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases presenting as oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid.

Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) often include elevated IgG production in intrathecal space presenting as oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In most demyelinating diseases, e.g.

Tula hantavirus NSs protein accumulates in the perinuclear area in infected and transfected cells.

The small RNA segment of some hantaviruses (family Bunyaviridae) encodes two proteins: the nucleocapsid protein and, in an overlapping reading frame, a non-structural (NSs) protein. The hantavirus NSs protein, like those of orthobunya- and phleboviruses, counteracts host innate immunity. Here, for the first time, the NSs protein of a hantavirus (Tula virus) has been observed in infected cells and shown to localize in the perinuclear area.

Co-localization of human herpes virus 6 and tissue plasminogen activator in multiple sclerosis brain tissue.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system of unknown etiology. Several viruses have been suggested as playing a role in the pathogenesis of MS. The aim of this study was to investigate the interrelationship of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and plasminogen activation at the cellular level in MS plaques.