Wound imaging software and digital platform to assist review of surgical wounds using patient smartphones: The development and evaluation of artificial intelligence (WISDOM AI study).

Introduction: Surgical patients frequently experience post-operative complications at home. Digital remote monitoring of surgical wounds via image-based systems has emerged as a promising solution for early detection and intervention. However, the increased clinician workload from reviewing patient-submitted images presents a challenge.

Digital wound monitoring with artificial intelligence to prioritise surgical wounds in cardiac surgery patients for priority or standard review: protocol for a randomised feasibility trial (WISDOM).

Introduction: Digital surgical wound monitoring for patients at home is becoming an increasingly common method of wound follow-up. This regular monitoring improves patient outcomes by detecting wound complications early and enabling treatment to start before complications worsen. However, reviewing the digital data creates a new and additional workload for staff.

Awareness of COVID-19 Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Vaccinations in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, affecting around 2.8 million people worldwide. Patients' knowledge about COVID-19 infection, and their proper protective actions, may reduce the risk of infection.

Matter-Driven Change of Spacetime Topology.

Using Monte Carlo computer simulations, we study the impact of matter fields on the geometry of a typical quantum universe in the causal dynamical triangulations (cdt) model of lattice quantum gravity. The quantum universe has the size of a few Planck lengths and the spatial topology of a three-torus. The matter fields are multicomponent scalar fields taking values in a torus with circumference δ in each spatial direction, which acts as a new parameter in the cdt model.

Spray-Dried Formulation of Epicertin, a Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit Variant That Induces Mucosal Healing.

Epicertin (EPT) is a recombinant variant of the cholera toxin B subunit, modified with a C-terminal KDEL endoplasmic reticulum retention motif. EPT has therapeutic potential for ulcerative colitis treatment. Previously, orally administered EPT demonstrated colon epithelial repair activity in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute and chronic colitis in mice.

Automated feature extraction from large cardiac electrophysiological data sets.

Rationale: A new multi-electrode array-based application for the long-term recording of action potentials from electrogenic cells makes possible exciting cardiac electrophysiology studies in health and disease. With hundreds of simultaneous electrode recordings being acquired over a period of days, the main challenge becomes achieving reliable signal identification and quantification.

Objective: We set out to develop an algorithm capable of automatically extracting regions of high-quality action potentials from terabyte size experimental results and to map the trains of action potentials into a low-dimensional feature space for analysis.

Discriminant Analysis of Intracranial Volumetric Variables in Patients with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus and Brain Atrophy.

A method was developed for the computerized volumetric assessment of the intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) distribution. The study involved 62 patients differentiated into two groups: with CSF resorption disorders (normal pressure hydrocephalus - 30 patients) and without CSF resorption disorders (various types of brain atrophy - 32 patients). The goal of the study was to ascertain whether the assessment, depending on the linear discriminant analysis of volumetric brain features, could be an effective tool differentiating the two groups.

Polymerase chain reaction based detection of bacterial 16S rRNA gene in the cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis of bacterial central nervous system infection in the course of external cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Comparison with standard diagnostics currently used in clinical practice.

Background And Purpose: External drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a commonly used neurosurgical procedure. Complications of the procedure comprise central nervous system (CNS) bacterial infections, the frequency of which is estimated at around 6-10%. Detection of these infections is ineffective in many cases.

Characteristics of the new phase in CDT.

The approach of Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT), a candidate theory of nonperturbative quantum gravity in 4D, turns out to have a rich phase structure. We investigate the recently discovered bifurcation phase [Formula: see text] and relate some of its characteristics to the presence of singular vertices of very high order. The transition lines separating this phase from the "time-collapsed" -phase and the de Sitter phase [Formula: see text] are of great interest when searching for physical scaling limits.

Comparison of eigeninference based on one- and two-point Green's functions.

We compare two methods of eigeninference from large sets of data. Our analysis points at the superiority of our eigeninference method based on one-point Green's functions and Padé approximants over a method based on fluctuations and two-point Green's functions. The first method is orders of magnitude faster than the second one; moreover, we found a source of potential instability of the second method and identified it as arising from the spurious zero and negative modes of the estimator for the variance operator of a certain multidimensional Gaussian distribution, inherent for that method.

Analysis of intracranial volume ratios by means of cerebrospinal fluid deployment indicators.

Introduction: Imaging studies make it possible not only to visualize the general structure of the brain but also to take precise measurements of brain tissue volume and the size of individual lobes and their structure. The aim of this study was to determine the ratio of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume contained in the intracranial ventricular system to the brain tissue volume and the ratio of CSF volume in the subarachnoid space and basal cisterns to the brain tissue volume.

Material And Methods: The evaluation of volumetric measurements of computed tomographic (CT) images was undertaken on 23 male and female patients (average age 56.

[The usefulness of the evaluation of volumetric and posturographic parameters in the differential diagnosis of hydrocephalus].

Introduction: A variety of diagnostic methods in normal pressure hydrocephalus and brain atrophy, it testifies to the difficulties in contrast to both teams. Develop a safe diagnostic tool having comparable statistical accuracy of the infusion test results would be of great clinical significance. The chances of implementing such a procedure in clinical practice, it may be a combination of these syndromes in the functional assessment (Posturography) the assessment of morphological CNS (volumetric).

N-glycosylation of cholera toxin B subunit in Nicotiana benthamiana: impacts on host stress response, production yield and vaccine potential.

Plant-based transient overexpression systems enable rapid and scalable production of subunit vaccines. Previously, we have shown that cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), an oral cholera vaccine antigen, is N-glycosylated upon expression in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana. Here, we found that overexpression of aglycosylated CTB by agroinfiltration of a tobamoviral vector causes massive tissue necrosis and poor accumulation unless retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

Evaluation of volumetric changes in differential diagnosis of brain atrophy and active hydrocephalus.

Despite a variety of diagnostic methods, differentiation of symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus from those of atrophic processes of the brain is still a difficult task. In the present study an attempt of non-invasive differential diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and brain atrophy (BA) was presented using volumetric analysis of CT images of the head by means of VisNow proprietary software. The analysis was based on the number of voxels converted to the amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the subarachnoid space, skull base casters, and the ventricular system.

Posturography in differential diagnosis of patients with enlargement of brain ventricles.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate balance disturbances by means of static posturography in patients with enlargement of the ventricular system (Evans ratio > 0.3).

Material And Methods: Fifty-four patients were diagnosed and treated in our Department of Neurosurgery.

Posturography in differential diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus and brain atrophy.

Differentiation between normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and brain atrophy is difficult in clinical practice. The purpose of this paper was to apply two advanced statistical, pattern recognition methods: discriminant analysis (DA) and k-nearest neighbour (K-NN) for the classification of NPH and atrophy patients to approach computer aided differential diagnosis. The classification is based on a few measures of the center of foot pressure (COP) movements (radius, area, and length).

Second-order phase transition in causal dynamical triangulations.

Causal dynamical triangulations are a concrete attempt to define a nonperturbative path integral for quantum gravity. We present strong evidence that the lattice theory has a second-order phase transition line, which can potentially be used to define a continuum limit in the conventional sense of nongravitational lattice theories.

Analysis of postural sway in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus: effects of shunt implantation.

Poor postural balance is one of the major risk factors for falling in normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Postural instability in the clinic is commonly assessed based upon force platform posturography. In this study we focused on the identification of changes in sway characteristics while standing quiet in patients with NPH before and after shunt implantation.

Cerebrovascular reactivity evaluated by transcranial doppler sonography in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage treated with microsurgical clipping or endovascular coiling technique.

Objective: To examine cerebrovascular reactivity in patients after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) during long-term follow-up, using Acetazolamide test and transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring of blood flow velocities (BFVs), to compare of CO(2) reactivity between patients after SAH treated with three different methods: surgical (clipping), endovasculary (coiling) and conservative.

Methods: The study was performed in a group of 24 patients treated for SAH. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) has been evaluated after intravenous administration of 1000 mg of Acetazolamide.

Ten years observation and treatment of multifocal pilocytic astrocytoma.

Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) usually occurs in younger patients. It is a benign, generally well-delineated, WHO grade I tumour with favorable prognosis, which makes it different from diffuse astrocytomas, classified as higher grades of malignancy. A case study of PA was presented in a young female patient, observed and treated at the Neurosurgical Department for the period of 10 years, during which time she had frequent surgical procedures due to recurrence and dissemination of the tumour.

Recognition of gait disturbances in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus using a computer dynography system.

Gait and body balance disturbances are important clinical problems in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). They affect patients' locomotion and lead to a higher risk of falls. The gait pattern may be described as durations of the single and double support and of a stance phase.

[Posturography and computerized gait analysis in the Computer Dyno Graphy system as non-invasive methods for evaluation of normal pressure hydrocephalus progression].

Disturbances of gait and balance are important clinical problems in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus. A considerable degree of locomotor disability and increased risk of falls are present in many cases. Accordingly, attempts to develop effective evaluation methods of gait and balance disturbances are made.

Gait disturbances in Computer Dyno Graphy examination in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus before and after surgery.

Background And Purpose: Gait disturbances resulting from the normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) syndrome significantly restrain locomotion, which in serious cases can lead to a total loss of the ability to move. Hence the need to create an objective method of evaluating gait disturbances described by values of gait parameters and changes of these parameters resulting from neurosurgical treatment. The aim of this project is to create an effective, non-invasive diagnostics method describing movement disorders in patients with NPH before and after surgery.