Application of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Techniques for Selected Companion Animals.

Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques have revolutionized veterinary medicine for cats and dogs, offering insights across various domains. In veterinary parasitology, NGS enables comprehensive profiling of parasite populations, aiding in understanding transmission dynamics and drug resistance mechanisms. In infectious diseases, NGS facilitates rapid pathogen identification, characterization of virulence factors, and tracking of outbreaks.

The Impact of Microorganisms on Canine Semen Quality.

Various microorganisms, including spp., have been reported in canine ejaculate. The impact of these microorganisms on semen quality remains unclear.

Prevalence of spp. and Canid herpesvirus-1 in Polish dogs.

Background And Aim: spp. affect Leydig and Sertoli cells by dysregulating spermatogenesis, inducing apoptosis and sperm DNA fragmentation, as well as benign prostate hyperplasia. Canid herpes virus 1 (CHV-1) infection in male dogs is manifested by lesions on the base of the penis and foreskin.

The lack of the influence of various species of Mycoplasma spp. on canine semen quality.

Mycoplasmas colonize fish, reptiles, birds and mammals, being commensals or causing diseases, sometimes severe in ruminants, swine, poultry, or wildlife animals. So far, 15 species of canine Mycoplasma spp. have been described.

Relationships between haptoglobin and inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 levels in local and peripheral blood and systemic inflammatory response syndrome in bitches with pyometra.

We aimed to assess the usefulness of monitoring inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) and haptoglobin (Hp) in peripheral and local blood in canine pyometra, and evaluation the relationships among acute phase proteins (APPs), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and the presence of bacteria. The material was collected from bitches with pyometra and from healthy ones. Blood was taken from the cephalic and uterine veins.

Usefulness of BRCA and ctDNA as Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: A Meta-Analysis.

Prostate cancer represents the most common male urologic neoplasia. Tissue biopsies are the gold standard in oncology for diagnosing prostate cancer. We conducted a study to find the most reliable and noninvasive diagnostic tool.

The Novel Diagnostic Techniques and Biomarkers of Canine Mammary Tumors.

Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are considered a serious clinical problem in older bitches. Due to the high malignancy rate and poor prognosis, an early diagnosis is essential. This article is a summary of novel diagnostic techniques as well as the main biomarkers of CMTs.

The influence of species on human and canine semen quality: a review.

Mycoplasma species (spp.) are bacteria that are difficult to detect. Currently, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is considered the most effective diagnostic tool to detect these microorganisms in both human and veterinary medicine.

Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Dogs Naturally Infected With .

Subcutaneous dirofilariosis is a zoonotic disease emerging throughout Europe caused by the filarial nematode . Despite its increasing prevalence, there is a large gap in knowledge of the impact of the parasite on the host. Currently classified as being non-pathogenic, recent evidence suggests that skin dirofilariosis is associated with dermatological conditions including concomitant pruritus, neoplastic processes, inflammation, and even blindness in dogs and humans.

Role of Cadherins in Cancer-A Review.

Cadherins play an important role in tissue homeostasis, as they are responsible for cell-cell adhesion during embryogenesis, tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and carcinogenesis. Cadherins are inseparably connected with catenins, forming cadherin-catenin complexes, which are crucial for cell-to-cell adherence. Any dysfunction or destabilization of cadherin-catenin complex may result in tumor progression.

Current biomarkers of canine mammary tumors.

Mammary tumors are the second most common neoplasia in dogs. Due to the high similarity of canine mammary tumors (CMT) to human breast cancers (HBC), human biomarkers of HBC are also detectable in cases of CMT. The evaluation of biomarkers enables clinical diagnoses, treatment options and prognosis for bitches suffering from this disease.

Diagnostic efficacy of smear cytology and Robinson's cytological grading of canine mammary tumors with respect to histopathology, cytomorphometry, metastases and overall survival.

Cytology is a simple, rapid, and inexpensive method used for pre-operative diagnosis of canine mammary tumors (CMTs) in veterinary practice. Studies related to human breast cancer showed the Robinson's grading system-established for invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified (IDC, NOS) and used on cytological material-to not only closely correspond to the histopathological grading but also be helpful in assessing prognosis and selecting most suitable treatments before surgery. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate the accuracy of cytological diagnosis and cytological Robinson's grading system compared to the histopathological examination of CMTs; to compare of cytological features and cytomorphometric parameters with tumor behavior, as well as cytological and histological grading; and to determine an association of the Robinson's grading system and cytological background details with metastases, and patients' survival.

Disseminated hyaline ring granuloma in the omentum of a dog.

Background: Hyaline ring granuloma (HRG) is an uncommon histopathologic finding of unsolved etiopathogenesis. According to the exogenous theory, HRG develops due to implantation of foreign material, most probably indigestible plant fragments. HRG is a comparatively rare condition in humans, mostly involving the oral cavity with very rare extraoral locations.

Pregnancy in a unilaterally ovariohysterectomised queen.

A 4-year-old female Russian Blue cat presented with signs of right-sided abdominal distension, anorexia and a mucoid vaginal discharge. On the basis of clinical and ultrasonographical findings a tentative diagnosis of uterine torsion was made. Exploratory coeliotomy revealed a 900º right uterine torsion along the longitudinal axis.

Lack of in vitro effect of aglepristone on IFN-γ and IL-4 production by resting and mitogen-activated T cells of luteal bitches.

Background: Aglepristone (RU534) is an antiprogestin used for pregnancy termination, parturition induction and conservative pyometra treatment in bitches. Its molecular structure is similar to mifepristone, an antiprogestin used in human medicine. Mifepristone has been shown to suppress proliferation and cytokine production by T cells, whereas the effect of aglepristone on T cell function remains elusive.

Partial hydatidiform mole diagnosis in a cat: a case report.

A case of a stillborn Norwegian Forest kitten characterised in the course of anatomopathological and genetic examination is reported. The hydatidiform mole was diagnosed by delayed development, low birth weight of the kitten and abnormal placental development. Anatomopathological diagnosis was confirmed in genetic tests based on the amplification of highly heterozygous microsatellite sequences located on the X (FCA311) and autosomal chromosomes (FCA506, FCA532 and FCA178), as well as the sex-specific Sry and amelogenin (Amel) genes.

78,XX testicular DSD syndrome in a mongrel dog.

Because of an apparent sexual ambiguity (enlarged clitoris), a 1-year-old mongrel dog was presented to the clinic. A positive result on a GnRH stimulation test revealed the existence of functional testicular tissue. A midline laparotomy was performed, and gonads resembling testes were resected along with the adherent parts of the uterine horns.

Cytopathology of canine lymphomas (100 cases).

Malignant lymphoma is one of the most common malignant tumours occurring in dogs. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is an excellent, specific diagnostic procedure used to assess pathological processes in lymph nodes. The aim of the present study was to conduct a cytopathological analysis of lymphoma in dogs and to analyse some epidemic aspects of occurrence of lymphoma in 100 dogs using Giemsa stained slides.

Treatment of fibroadenomatosis in 14 cats with aglepristone - changes in blood parameters and follow-up.

Fourteen female cats with fibroadenomatosis were treated with aglepristone, and the effectiveness of the treatment and its effect on selected haematological and blood chemistry parameters were studied. The cats were monitored for 12 months after the end of the treatment. Complete remission of the clinical signs was achieved on average 3.

Hypospadias in six dogs.

Six dogs, five males and one hermaphrodite, were diagnosed with hypospadias. Two of the five males had the penile form of the condition, two had the perineal form and one had the glandular form; the hermaphrodite had the scrotal form. The hermaphrodite had no prostate gland and no right testicle; it had a normal right ovary and horn of the uterus but the left horn was joined to the testicle.

Age-related pregnancy results and further examination of bitches after aglepristone treatment of pyometra.

The cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra complex is one of the most common uterine diseases in bitches. The appearance of pharmacological preparations containing anti-progestagens created new possibilities for pyometra treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the curative effect of the anti-progestagen aglepristone treatment of pyometra in bitches of different ages.

Surgical treatment of hypospadias. Techniques and results in six dogs.

Various types of hypospadias and methods of surgical treatment of this anomaly in 6 dogs was described in this article. Methods of surgical treatment were set up individually for each case and depended on the type of hypospadias and coexisting anomalies. Shortening of the penis was performed in two dogs, amputation in three cases and an urethral reconstruction in one patient.