Scolytinae in hazelnut orchards of Turkey: clarification of species and identification key (Coleoptera, Curculionidae).

Hazelnut, a very important cash crop in Turkey, is frequently colonized by bark and ambrosia beetle species (). Some scolytine species may cause economic damage while other species do not; therefore, proper identification is important in orchard management. Extensive sampling demonstrated that the most common pest species in Turkey's hazelnut orchards are , , and can also be common, but only colonizes branches that are already dead.