Prognostic significance of soluble PD-L1 in prostate cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the role of sPD-L1 and sPD-1 as potential biomarkers in prostate cancer (PCa). The association of the values of these soluble proteins were correlated to the clinical data: stage of disease, Gleason score, biochemical recurrence etc. For a comprehensive study, the relationship between sPD-L1 and sPD-1 and circulating immune cells was further investigated.

Atezolizumab Retains Cellular Binding to Programmed Death Ligand 1 Following Aerosolization Mesh Nebulizer.

Background/aim: Cytotoxic inhalable drugs were shown to be advantageous in treating malignancies of the respiratory tract. However, these drugs have not always presented a safe profile and were reported to induce local adverse events. Protein-based anticancer drugs, such as immune checkpoint and vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, do not induce tissue injury, nor do they exhibit vesicant properties upon direct contact with tissues.

Thymus Subset Alterations Accompanying Concomitant Tumor Immunity Mimics Phenotypic Patterns of Cytotoxic Drug Doxorubicin.

Background/aim: Concomitant immunity (CIM) is a phenomenon that elicits an antitumor response not sufficient enough to destroy the primary tumor but prevents a secondary implant from growing and spreading. This study aimed to develop a method of identification of serum tumoricidal factors released into circulation during CIM and to compare the CIM-related effect to the effect elicited by the cytotoxic drug doxorubicin.

Materials And Methods: SL2 tumor-bearing mice were studied at three time points - day 4, day 7, and day 11 following i.

Intratumoral Accumulation and Clonal Expansion May Not Be Decisive for Rejection of Allogeneic Tumors by CD8 T-Lymphocytes.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution and proliferation of adoptively transferred CD8 T-lymphocytes sensitized against allogeneic tumors.

Materials And Methods: Transgenic β-actin-luc mice that express luciferase were sensitized against allogeneic SL2 lymphoma. CD8 T-lymphocytes from these mice were transferred to lymphocyte-deficient, recombination activating gene-deficient (Rag) mice bearing SL2 tumors and were tracked using bioluminescence imaging.

Bioluminescence Imaging of Adoptively Transferred Lymphocytes During Allogeneic Tumor Rejection.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to analyze the survival, spatial distribution and proliferation of adoptively transferred lymphocytes in allogeneic tumor rejection.

Materials And Methods: Transgenic β-actin-luc mice that express luciferase were sensitized against SL2 tumors and were used as lymphocyte donors to study the anti-tumor effect in SL2 tumor-bearing lymphocyte-deficient RAG(-/-) mice. Whole-body bioluminescence images of recipient mice were obtained to track the adoptively transferred lymphocytes.

Expanded effector memory T-lymphocytes in DBA/2 mice do not inhibit the growth of SL2 tumours.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyse changes in levels of memory T-lymphocytes during growth of SL2 tumours in DBA/2 mice and to evaluate whether these lymphocytes may have an inhibitory effect on tumour growth.

Materials And Methods: Percentages of naïve (CD8+CD44lowCD62L+), central memory (CD8+CD44high CD62L+) and effector memory (CD8+CD44highCD62L-) lymphocytes in the CD8+ subset in peripheral blood, spleen and lymph nodes of tumour-bearing and control mice were analysed by flow cytometry.

Results: The percentage of effector memory lymphocytes in the CD8+ subset increased during growth of tumours, whereas that of naïve CD8+ lymphocytes decreased.