Bioactive Nanotherapeutic Ultrasound Contrast Agent for Concurrent Breast Cancer Ultrasound Imaging and Treatment.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) plays a crucial role in cancer diagnosis. The use of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) is inevitable in CEUS. However, current applications of UCAs primarily focus on enhancing imaging quality of ultrasound contrast rather than serving as integrated platforms for both diagnosis and treatment in clinical settings.

Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Contributes to the Early Diagnosis of Mixed Infections in Central Nervous System.

Central nervous system (CNS) infections represent a challenge due to the complexities associated with their diagnosis and treatment, resulting in a high incidence rate and mortality. Here, we presented a case of CNS mixed infection involving Candida and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), successfully diagnosed through macrogenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in China. A comprehensive review and discussion of previously reported cases were also provided.

Aberrant expression of T cell activation markers and upregulation of Tregs in bone marrow and peripheral blood in acute myeloid leukemia patients.

Background: T cells' function and activation and the immunosuppressive effect of regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a pivotal role in the occurrence and progression of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we investigate the expression of T cell activation markers and quantity of Tregs in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) from AML patients and further characterized their correlation with BM leukemic blasts.

Methods: Expression of CD25, CD38, CD69, and HLA-DR on the surfaces of CD4 and CD8 T cells and the quantity of Tregs in BM and PB from new diagnosed (ND), relapsed-refractory (RR), complete remission (CR) AML patients were measured via flow cytometry.

Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility of Sporothrix species in Guangzhou, Southern China.

Introduction: Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous and chronic infection caused by traumatic inoculation of pathogenic sporothrix species, usually infecting the skins and subcutaneous tissues of humans and animals. However, the lack of epidemiological data required further molecular identification to describe the distribution of this fungus in our region. In this study, forty-eight clinical sporothrix isolated from Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital were classified, and the susceptibility of each strain to seven antifungal agents was determined.

Advances in pathogenesis and nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated treatment of psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic papulosquamous skin disease with an autoimmune pathogenic traits and strong genetic predisposition. In the past few decades, with the rapid development of molecular biology and cell biology, the inherent pathogenesis of psoriasis has been gradually elucidated, in which cytokine inflammatory loops, cell signaling pathways, and epigenetic factors such as miRNAs have been demonstrated to play important roles in regulating the development and progression of psoriasis. More importantly, understanding the pathogenesis of psoriasis has promoted the development of effective treatment for psoriasis.

The imbalance between regulatory memory B cells reveals possible pathogenesis involvement in pediatric immune thrombocytopenia.

CD19CD24CD38 regulatory B cells (B) and CD19CD27 memory B cells (B) are B cell subsets with specific immunoregulatory properties. In this study, the balance of these subsets was investigated in pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients, and the frequencies of B and B before and after first-line therapy were measured. Forty-nine pediatric ITP patients and 19 normal controls were enrolled in this study.

Regulatory T cells and CD20 B cells in pediatric very severe aplastic anemia: possible clinical markers for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis.

Objectives: To investigate the immune status of children with very severe aplastic anemia (VSAA), and evaluate the frequencies of CD20 B cells and Regulatory T cells (Tregs) as potential markers for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis.

Methods: We systematically analyzed CD20 B cells and Tregs using Flow Cytometry in 36 children with VSAA (14 newly diagnosed cases and 22 cases in remission after therapy with HDIVIG + r-ATG + CSA).

Results: In newly diagnosed VSAA patients, the percentage of CD20 B cells was higher than that in healthy children (P < .

Declined Natural Killer Cells Emerging in Women with Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion and Further Reducing after Medical Therapy.

Background: As focus grows on reproduction, the issue of Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion (RSA), especially for unexplained reasons (URSA), is grabbing more and more attention in gynecological immunology. We investigated the changes of peripheral lymphocyte subsets focusing on whether they had some relationship with development of URSA.

Methods: The percentage and absolute count of lymphocyte subsets (T cells, Th cells, Ts cells, B cells, NK cells) were simultaneously evaluated by flow cytometry in URSA patients (n = 48) and healthy controls (HC, n = 22).