Analysis of changes in flavor characteristics of congou black tea at different fermentation degrees under industrial production conditions using flavor compound weighted network co-expression method.

Fermentation is a key process in Congou black tea, but there is limited research on the changes in flavor factors and their interrelationships during different fermentation stages under industrial production. This study applies sensory evaluation and metabolomics techniques to explore the interactions between flavors. Sensory evaluation indicated that the 4-h fermented sample exhibited the best overall performance.

Combined Bulk and Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis to Reveal the Potential Influences of Intestinal Inflammatory Disease on Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are both autoimmune disorders caused by dysregulated immune responses. Still, there is a growing awareness of the comorbidity between MS and IBD. However, the shared pathophysiological mechanisms between these two diseases are still lacking.

Role of COX6C and NDUFB3 in septic shock and stroke.

Background: Septic shock is a clinical syndrome characterized by acute circulatory disturbance. Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease caused by brain tissue damage. However, the relationship of COX6C and NDUFB3 to them is unclear.

Oxidation of tea polyphenols promotes chlorophyll degradation during black tea fermentation.

The color of black tea is directly affected by chlorophyll degradation during fermentation. In this study, the content of chlorophyll and its derivatives during fermentation was determined by HPLC, and chlorophyll a and b were shown to decrease significantly (44.23% and 24.

[Effects of neutrophilic granule protein on the expression of lipocalin 2 in inflammatory macrophages].

Objective: To explore the effects of neutrophilic granule protein (NGP) on the expression of lipocalin 2 (LCN2) in inflammatory macrophages and its mechanism.

Methods: NGP-high-expressed RAW264.7 cells (NGP/RAW cells) and negative control RAW264.

Clearance of p21 highly expressing senescent cells accelerates cutaneous wound healing.

While senescent cells have detrimental roles in several contexts, they are highly heterogeneous. p16 highly expressing senescent cells have been reported to exert beneficial functions in wound healing. Here we use Xenium spatial transcriptomics to identify a distinct p21 highly expressing senescent population induced on wounding, with a pro-inflammatory profile.

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in treating ischial non-union following Bernese periacetabular osteotomy: A case report.

Background: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is increasingly being recognized as an advantageous alternative for treating non-union due to its efficacy and minimal associated complications. Non-union following Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is particularly challenging, with a reported 55% delayed union and 8% non-union. Herein, we highlight a unique case of ischial non-union post-PAO treated successfully with a structured ESWT regimen.

Occurrence and fate of five representative neonicotinoid insecticides across different wastewater treatment plants and the impact on receiving water bodies.

Neonicotinoids (NEOs), despite their widespread use as insecticides, exhibit a notable knowledge deficit in regards to their presence in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and their surrounding environments. This study delves into the presence and disposition of 5 NEOs: Thiamethoxam (THM), Clothianidin (CLO), Imidacloprid (IMD), Acetamiprid (ACE), and Thiacloprid (THA) across 3 domestic WWTPs and their receiving waters. Notably, THM, CLO, and ACE were consistently detected in all water and sludge samples, with THM emerging as the most abundant compound in both influent and effluent.

Memantine attenuates the development of osteoarthritis by blocking NMDA receptor mediated calcium overload and chondrocyte senescence.

Background: Memantine, which is an FDA-proven drug for the treatment of dementia, exerts its function by blocking the function of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor, a calcium-permeable ion channel that reduces cytotoxic calcium overload. Chondrocyte senescence is a crucial cellular event that contributes to articular cartilage degeneration during osteoarthritis (OA) development. To date, the effects of memantine and its downstream NMDA receptor on chondrocyte senescence and OA have been rarely reported.

BRP-Net: A discrete-aware network based on attention mechanisms and LSTM for birth rate prediction in prefecture-level cities.

The continuous decline in the birth rate can lead to a series of social and economic problems. Accurately predicting the birth rate of a region will help national and local governments to formulate more scientifically sound development policies. This paper proposes a discrete-aware model BRP-Net based on attention mechanism and LSTM, for effectively predicting the birth rate of prefecture-level cities.

Comparison of Injury Severity Score (ISS) and New Injury Severity Score (NISS) in the Evaluation of Thoracic Trauma Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To explore the value of the injury severity score (ISS) and the new injury severity score (NISS) for evaluating injuries and predicting complications (pneumonia and respiratory failure) and poor prognoses (in-hospital tracheal intubation, extended length of hospital stay, ICU admission, prolonged ICU stay, and death) in patients with thoracic trauma.

Methods: The data of consecutive patients with thoracic trauma who were admitted to the department of cardiothoracic surgery of a tertiary hospital between January 2018 and December 2021 were retrospectively collected. ISS and NISS were calculated for each patient.

Intermittent clearance of p21-highly-expressing cells extends lifespan and confers sustained benefits to health and physical function.

A key challenge in aging research is extending lifespan in tandem with slowing down functional decline so that life with good health (healthspan) can be extended. Here, we show that monthly clearance, starting from 20 months, of a small number of cells that highly express p21 (p21) improves cardiac and metabolic function and extends both median and maximum lifespans in mice. Importantly, by assessing the health and physical function of these mice monthly until death, we show that clearance of p21 cells improves physical function at all remaining stages of life, suggesting healthspan extension.

C/EBPε and its acetylation in PMN enhance the tolerance to trauma.

Severe trauma can lead to numerous serious complications, threating the well-being and vitality of the afflicted. The quantity and functionality of PMNs undergo rapid transformations in response to severe trauma, playing a pivotal role in the trauma response. The absence of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ε (C/EBPε) profoundly impairs the functionality of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), a function of paramount importance in trauma.

[Role and mechanism of intestinal-liver interaction in infectious intestinal/liver injury].

Infection is a common medical problem at present. Different pathogens can lead to different infections. Severe infections can ultimately lead to sepsis, resulting in multiple organ dysfunction and the high mortality of patients.

A Case of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection.

Introduction: In recent years, hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) has attracted increasing attention. It usually causes liver abscesses, which spread through the bloodstream to other parts such as the eyes, brain, lungs. 5.

Computer-aided discovery of novel aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands to regulate CYP1A1 expression in inflammatory macrophages.

The environmental factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a key protein connecting the external environmental signals (e.g., environmental endocrine disruptor TCDD) to internal cellular processes, is involved in the activation of peripheral macrophages and inflammatory response in human body.

[Role and mechanism of gut microbiota and its metabolites in host defense against infection].

The interaction of gut microbiota and its metabolites with the host not only plays an important role in maintaining gut homeostasis and host health, but also is a key link in responding to pathogen infections. A thorough understanding of the changes in gut microbiota and its metabolites during infection, as well as their role and mechanism in host defense against infection, is helpful to guide anti-infection treatment. This review focuses on the role of gut microbiota and their metabolites in host defense against bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, and reveals that they can exert anti-infection effects through resistance mechanisms (inducing antimicrobial substances, training immunity, inhibiting pathogen respiration, directly neutralizing pathogens, immune regulation) and tolerance mechanisms (altering energy metabolism patterns of microbiota, cell proliferation and tissue damage repair, maintaining physiological signal transduction in extraintestinal organs, inflammation regulation, maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier), and also summarizes measures to regulate gut microbiota against pathogen infections, in order to provide more ideas for novel anti-infection prevention and treatment strategies targeting gut microbiota and its metabolites.

Punicalagin promotes mincle-mediated phagocytosis of macrophages via the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Punicalagin (PUN) is a polyphenol derived from the pomegranate peel. It has been reported to have many beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-proliferation. However, the role of PUN in macrophage phagocytosis is currently unknown.

Vitamin D levels and olfactory dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients.

Objective: The objective was to explore the possible relationship between the serum vitamin D level and olfactory impairment in a population of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Guizhou, China.

Methods: We included 25 patients with MS and 18 healthy controls (HCs) who were recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from February 2021 to September 2021. The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) was used to test the patients' sense of smell, and the level of serum 25-hydroxyethylene polyprotein D was measured.

Diversity and community composition of strictly anaerobic and culturable bacteria from the feces of Styrofoam-fed larvae: a culturomics-based study.

Introduction: In recent years, researchers have been exploring the plastic-degrading abilities of bacteria residing in the guts of Styrofoam-eating larvae. However, none of the reported strains have displayed highly efficient plastic degradation capabilities, and it's noteworthy that none of the existing studies have focused on strictly anaerobic microbes.

Methods: In this study, we exclusively fed Styrofoam to larvae and examined how this dietary change influence the gut's bacterial community composition, as observed through fecal bacteria using bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and the small-scale culturomics method with 20 types of anaerobic media under four different conditions.

The complete genome sequence of sp. MB12-C1, isolated from the feces of black soldier fly larvae.

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of sp. MB12-C1 (= BCRC 81406), isolated from the feces of black soldier fly () larvae. The genome of strain MB12-C1 was chosen for further species classification and comparative genomic analysis.

The key aroma components of steamed green tea decoded by sensomics and their changes under different withering degree.

Steamed green tea has a long history and unique aroma, but little is known about its key aroma components. In this study, 173 volatiles in steamed green tea were identified using solvent-assisted flavor evaporation and headspace-solid phase microextraction plus two chromatographic columns of different polarities. Aroma extract dilution analysis revealed 48 highly aroma-active compounds with flavor dilution factors 64-1024.