Immune dysregulation in COVID-19 induced ARDS in kidney transplant recipients revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing.

Since the emergence of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, the disease has led to widespread acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), particularly among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), who are at increased risk due to long-term immunosuppressive therapy. This study aims to explore the differences in immune responses between kidney transplant recipients and non-kidney transplant recipients in COVID-19-induced ARDS to identify potential therapeutic targets for improving outcomes. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on 108,320 cells derived from peripheral blood samples to construct a global single-cell map of COVID-19 induced ARDS in kidney transplant recipients(ARDS), COVID-19 induced ARDS in non transplant recipients(ARDS), and healthy controls.

Reprogramming Lung Redox Homeostasis by NIR Driven Ultra-Small Pd Loaded Covalent Organic Framework Inhibits NF-κB Pathway for Acute Lung Injury Immunotherapy.

Acute lung injury (ALI) refers to damage to lung related cells, typically caused by an uncontrollable inflammatory response, and over-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increasing evidence suggests that reprogramming lung redox homeostasis holds significant potentials for the clinical treatment of ALI. Herein, the simple synthesis of ultra-small Pd loaded covalent organic framework (COF) (TP@Pd) is reported, which, when combined with near infrared (NIR) irradiation, exhibits nanozyme functionalities, including multiple enzyme mimicking activities and broad spectrum ROS scavenging, thereby promoting tissue repair for ALI immunotherapy.

Pathophysiological mechanisms of ARDS: a narrative review from molecular to organ-level perspectives.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a life-threatening pulmonary condition with persistently high mortality rates despite significant advancements in supportive care. Its complex pathophysiology involves an intricate interplay of molecular and cellular processes, including cytokine storms, oxidative stress, programmed cell death, and disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier. These mechanisms drive localized lung injury and contribute to systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Crashworthy Performance of Sustainable Filled Structures Using Recycled Beverage Cans and Eco-Friendly Multi-Cell Fillers.

The recycling of resources is an important measure to achieve circular economy and sustainable development. In this paper, a sustainable filled structure was proposed and realized by combining recycled empty beverage cans with eco-friendly multi-cell fillers. Quasi-static axial compressions were carried out to characterize the energy absorption performance and synergistic effect of the filled tubes.

A capillary-based microfluidic chip prepared via multiple coating and used for a multiplex immunoassay.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a fast, simple and portable procedure that is capable of multiplexed real-time detection. Microfluidic chips have emerged as an extremely promising pathway for POCT owing to their revolutionary improvements in integration and portability. However, traditional microfluidic chips still have many disadvantages, such as high costs and technical barriers for fabrication, which are incompatible with batch production and limit their development in the field of POCT.

Beyond Borders: Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 Anxiety and Eating Attitudes on Psychological Well-Being and Physical Activity Objectives in Poland and China.

The mechanisms linking eating attitudes to well-being and physical activity objectives have increasingly attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. This research is particularly significant in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has profoundly disrupted eating habits, exercise routines, and psychosocial well-being across the globe. Additionally, these variables are influenced by cultural dimensions, such as individualism in Poland and collectivism in China.

[Research progress on prognostic prediction models for patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation].

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), as a critical life support technology, has played a significant role in treating patients with refractory respiratory and circulatory failure. In recent years, with the advancements in medical technology, the scope of application of ECMO has been expanding, especially in the fields of acute respiratory distress syndrome, cardiogenic shock and other important roles. However, its high costs, complex operation, and associated risks of complications remain challenges in clinical practice.

Trends and cross-country inequality in the incidence of GI cancers among the working-age population from 1990 to 2021: a Global Burden of Disease 2021 analysis.

Background: GI cancers pose an increasing global health burden, with their impact on the working-age population (WAP) aged 15-64 years remaining largely unexplored despite the crucial role of this group in societal and economic well-being.

Objective: To assess trends and cross-country inequality in the global burden of six GI cancers from 1990 to 2021 among individuals in the WAP.

Design: The 2021 Global Burden of Disease study dataset was used to obtain estimates of GI cancer incidence and 95% uncertainty intervals, including the number of cases, crude incidence rate and age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR).

Generation of self-renewing neuromesodermal progenitors with neuronal and skeletal muscle bipotential from human embryonic stem cells.

Progress has been made in generating spinal cord and trunk derivatives from neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs). However, maintaining the self-renewal of NMPs in vitro remains a challenge. In this study, we developed a cocktail of small molecules and growth factors that induces human embryonic stem cells to produce self-renewing NMPs (srNMPs) under chemically defined conditions.

Low-carbon information quality dimensions and random forest algorithm evaluation model in digital marketing.

The growing urgency for low-carbon lifestyles necessitates developing effective strategies to promote sustainable consumer choices. This study investigates key dimensions of information quality that shape consumer behavior within digital marketing to achieve this goal. Employing a mixed-methods approach that integrates grounded theory and machine learning, this study identifies three core dimensions of low-carbon information quality: matching quality, presentation quality, and interpretability quality.

Construction of 3D Fibonacci Cauliflower-Like NiCoS/Expanded Graphite Heterogeneous Structures for Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Highly efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW)-absorbing multicomposites can be fabricated by constructing particular structures using suitable components. Expanded graphite (EG) has a 3D, low-density porous structure; however, it suffers from poor impedance matching and EMW absorption properties. Based on this information, in the present study, NiCoS components with different morphologies are successfully loaded onto a 3D EG surface using a facile microwave solvothermal method to achieve a synergistic effect between the different components.

Rational construction of dicarbonous CB/CNT@PI composites toward low filler loading and low-frequency electromagnetic wave absorption.

With the application of low frequency radar and the demand for stealth of high temperature resistant components, it is increasingly urgent to develop absorbing materials with both low frequency and high temperature resistant properties. Here, we successfully prepared various carbon/polyimide composites as low-frequency electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials by simple blending method. The well-designed mesh lap structure introduces a large amount of free space, further optimizing the impedance matching of the material.

Predictive Model of the Relationship between Appearance, Eating Attitudes, and Physical Activity Behavior in Young People amid COVID-19.

This cross-sectional study conducted in Poland explored the relationship between the fear of negative appearance evaluations, eating disorders, and physical activity objectives, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation Scale (FNAES), the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26), and the Physical Activity Goals Inventory (IPAO) were administered to 644 participants (455 males with a mean age of 35.2 ± 6.

NIR triggered polydopamine coated cerium dioxide nanozyme for ameliorating acute lung injury via enhanced ROS scavenging.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life threatening disease in critically ill patients, and characterized by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory factors levels in the lung. Multiple evidences suggest that nanozyme with diversified catalytic capabilities plays a vital role in this fatal lung injury. At present, we developed a novel class of polydopamine (PDA) coated cerium dioxide (CeO) nanozyme (Ce@P) that acts as the potent ROS scavenger for scavenging intracellular ROS and suppressing inflammatory responses against ALI.

Quantifying the Length of Stay and Economic Impact of Albuterol and Levalbuterol in Hospitalized Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects millions in China and imposes a considerable economic burden on hospitalized patients who experience exacerbations. Nebulized short-acting beta-2 agonists (SABA) are recommended as initial therapy for exacerbation patients, but the optimal SABA remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different SABAs, such as albuterol and levalbuterol, on the length of stay (LOS) and direct medical costs among hospitalized patients diagnosed with COPD.

Whipple's disease of the respiratory system: A case report.

Whipple's disease (WD) is a multiple-system chronic disease caused by () infection. The present study describes 3 cases of WD with clinical manifestations of cough, chest pain, headache, dyspnea, sputum, joint pain, abdominal pain, diarrhea and weight loss. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed signs of plaques, nodules and pleural thickening; and bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid metagenomic-sequencing indicated that it was .

Performance of ChatGPT on Chinese national medical licensing examinations: a five-year examination evaluation study for physicians, pharmacists and nurses.

Background: Large language models like ChatGPT have revolutionized the field of natural language processing with their capability to comprehend and generate textual content, showing great potential to play a role in medical education. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate and comprehensively analysis the performance of ChatGPT on three types of national medical examinations in China, including National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE), National Pharmacist Licensing Examination (NPLE), and National Nurse Licensing Examination (NNLE).

Methods: We collected questions from Chinese NMLE, NPLE and NNLE from year 2017 to 2021.

Lung carcinoma with diffuse cysts repeatedly misdiagnosed as pulmonary infections and lymphoid interstitial pneumonia: A case report.

Introduction: Diffuse cystic lung diseases comprise a heterogeneous group of pulmonary disorders, with most cases being benign and malignant instances being rare.

Case Report: We present an unusual case of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the progressive diffusion of cystic lesions. The patient, initially diagnosed with a pulmonary infection and lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, underwent repeated misdiagnoses.

Immune characteristics of kidney transplant recipients with acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by COVID-19 at single-cell resolution.

Background: COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can result in tissue damage and multiple organ dysfunction, especially in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) receiving immunosuppressive drugs. Presently, single-cell research on COVID-19-induced ARDS is considerably advanced, yet knowledge about ARDS in KTRs is still constrained.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis was performed to construct a comprehensive single-cell immune landscape of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of eight patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS, five KTRs with COVID-19-induced ARDS, and five healthy individuals.

Particle Behavior and Aperture Optimization of Variable Vibration-Amplitude Screening Based on Discrete Element Method Simulation.

Recently, some novel screens were proposed based on the improved understanding of screening processes from particle-scale studies, one of which is the novel variable amplitude equal thickness vibration screen (VAETVS). This paper presents an investigation of using different aperture sizes to further optimize the VAETVS by the discrete element method (DEM). The screen was divided into three panels, and the aperture size of each panel was varied in the simulation.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Immune Microenvironment and Gene Markers of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by severe pulmonary inflammation and the leading cause of death in the intensive care unit.

Methods: We used single-cell RNA sequencing to compare peripheral blood mononuclear cells from sepsis-induced ARDS (SEP-ARDS) and pneumonic ARDS (PNE-ARDS) patient. Then, we used the GSE152978 and GSE152979 datasets to identify molecular dysregulation mechanisms at the transcriptional level in ARDS.

Changes in travel behaviors and intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic and recovery period: A case study of China.

The COVID-19 pandemic severely hit the tourism industry in China and worldwide. Chinese government adopted extensive nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to control it. COVID-19 has been well under control since April 2020 and China entered into a unique recovering period.