Liver function and Alzheimer's brain pathologies: A longitudinal study: Liver and Alzheimer's pathologies.

Importance: The neuropathological links underlying the association between changes in liver function and AD have not yet been clearly elucidated.

Objective: We aimed to examine the relationship between liver function markers and longitudinal changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) core pathologies.

Design: Data from the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease, a longitudinal cohort study initiated in 2014, were utilized.

Telomere length, in vivo Alzheimer's disease pathologies and cognitive decline in older adults.

Background: Whether telomere length (TL), an indicator of biological ageing, reflects Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related neuropathological change remains unclear. We investigated the relationships between TL, in vivo AD pathologies, including cerebral beta-amyloid and tau deposition, and cognitive outcomes in older adults.

Methods: A total of 458 older adults were included, encompassing both cognitively normal (CN) individuals and those cognitively impaired (CI), with the CI group consisting of individuals with mild cognitive impairment or AD dementia.

Tau pathway-based gene analysis on PET identifies CLU and FYN in a Korean cohort.

Introduction: The influence of genetic variation on tau protein aggregation, a key factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD), remains not fully understood. We aimed to identify novel genes associated with brain tau deposition using pathway-based candidate gene association analysis in a Korean cohort.

Methods: We analyzed data for 146 older adults from the well-established Korean AD continuum cohort (Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease; KBASE).

The Moderating Effect of Serum Vitamin D on the Relationship between Beta-amyloid Deposition and Neurodegeneration.

Objective: Previous studies have reported that vitamin D deficiency increased the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia in older adults. However, little is known about how vitamin D is involved in the pathophysiology of AD. Thus, this study aimed to examine the association and interaction of serum vitamin D levels with AD pathologies including cerebral beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and neurodegeneration in nondemented older adults.

Visual and Auditory Sensory Impairments Differentially Relate with Alzheimer's Pathology.

Objective: We intended to investigate the relationships between visual sensory impairment (VSI) or auditory sensory impairment (ASI) and brain pathological changes associated with cognitive decline in older adults.

Methods: We primarily tried to examine whether each sensory impairment is related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, specifically beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition, through both cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Self-report questionnaires on vision and hearing status were administered at the baseline.

Differences in Depressive Symptom Profile by Age Group in Koreans With Major Depressive Disorder: Results From Nationwide General Population Surveys.

Objective: This study investigated to what extent a range of depressive symptoms was differentially present depending on age group in Korean population.

Methods: Data was pooled from five nationally representative surveys in which 29,418 respondents aged at least 18 years were interviewed face-to-face using the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. A total of 691 (2.

Comparative study on structural and functional brain differences in mild cognitive impairment patients with tinnitus.

Objective: Tinnitus may be associated with various brain changes. However, the degenerative changes in patients with tinnitus have not been extensively investigated. We aimed to evaluate degenerative, structural, and functional brain changes in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who also suffer from tinnitus.

Impact of amyloid and cardiometabolic risk factors on prognostic capacity of plasma neurofilament light chain for neurodegeneration.

Background: Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a blood biomarker of neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer's disease. However, its usefulness may be influenced by common conditions in older adults, including amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and cardiometabolic risk factors like hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), impaired kidney function, and obesity. This longitudinal observational study using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort investigated how these conditions influence the prognostic capacity of plasma NfL.

Machine learning-based classification of Parkinson's disease using acoustic features: Insights from multilingual speech tasks.

This study advances the automation of Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnosis by analyzing speech characteristics, leveraging a comprehensive approach that integrates a voting-based machine learning model. Given the growing prevalence of PD, especially among the elderly population, continuous and efficient diagnosis is of paramount importance. Conventional monitoring methods suffer from limitations related to time, cost, and accessibility, underscoring the need for the development of automated diagnostic tools.

Moderation of thyroid hormones for the relationship between amyloid and tau pathology.

Background: Altered thyroid hormone levels have been associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and related cognitive decline. However, the neuropathological substrates underlying the link between thyroid hormones and AD dementia are not yet fully understood. We first investigated the association between serum thyroid hormone levels and in vivo AD pathologies including both beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau deposition measured by positron emission tomography (PET).

Exploring transfer effects on memory and its neural mechanisms through a computerized cognitive training in mild cognitive impairment: randomized controlled trial.

Background: Computerized cognitive training (CCT) has been proposed as a potential therapy for cognitive decline. One of the benefits of CCT is a transfer effect, but its mechanism on the memory domain is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the transfer effect of non-memory multidomain CCT on the memory domain and its neural basis in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) through a randomized controlled trial.

Rapid Resolution of Serous Retinal Detachment in Morning Glory Disc Anomaly With Oral Acetazolamide Treatment.

Morning glory disc anomaly is a rare congenital anomaly affecting the optic disc and is frequently associated with retinal detachment. This report presents a unique case of a 10-year-old boy with morning glory disc anomaly and serous retinal detachment, treated with oral acetazolamide. Remarkably, half of the retina exhibiting bullous detachment was reattached leading to full recovery of vision within a few days after starting acetazol-amide treatment.

Midterm Outcomes after Operative Management of Hawkins Type III Talar Neck Fractures.

Background: This study aims to report the midterm outcomes after surgical treatment of Hawkins Classification III Talar neck fractures.

Methods: From March 2010 to April 2022, among a total of 155 patients who visited our hospital with talus fractures, 31 patients underwent surgical treatment for Hawkins classification III talar neck fractures. The inclusion criteria comprised patients with a symptom duration of over 1 year who were available for outpatient follow-up and underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up 2 months after surgery.

Lower Atrial Fibrillation Risk With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Than With Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Accumulating evidence shows that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) reduce adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, whether SGLT2i, compared with other antidiabetic drugs, reduce the new development of atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear. In this study, we compared SGLT2i with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) in terms of reduction in the risk of AF in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

A prospective study on EEG default mode network associated with subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder following sexual assault.

This study aimed to explore the predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women who have recently experienced sexual assault, by examining psychological and neurophysiological factors using a prospective design with resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) functional connectivity. The study enrolled 33 women who had been recently traumatized by sexual assault and conducted assessments within a month of the trauma. These survivors were evaluated for PTSD three months later and were classified into two groups: PTSD positive (n = 12) and PTSD negative (n = 21).

rhIL-7-hyFc and hIL-2/TCB2c combination promotes an immune-stimulatory tumor microenvironment that improves antitumor efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Recombinant human interleukin (rhIL)-7-hyFc (efineptakin alfa; NT-I7) is a potent T-cell amplifier, with two IL-7 molecules fused to IgD/IgG4 elements. rhIL-7-hyFc promotes extensive infiltration of CD8 T cells into the tumor, concurrently increasing the numbers of intratumoral PD-1CD8 T cells. The hIL-2/TCB2 complex (SLC-3010) inhibits tumor growth by preferential activation of CD122 (IL-2Rβ) CD8 T cells and natural killer cells, over regulatory T cells (Tregs).

Neuroanatomical and neurocognitive correlates of delusion in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms and delusions are highly prevalent among people with dementia. However, multiple roots of neurobiological bases and shared neural basis of delusion and cognitive function remain to be characterized. By utilizing a fine-grained multivariable approach, we investigated distinct neuroanatomical correlates of delusion symptoms across a large population of dementing illnesses.

Surface-Wetting Characteristics of DLP-Based 3D Printing Outcomes under Various Printing Conditions for Microfluidic Device Fabrication.

In recent times, the utilization of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, particularly a variant using digital light processing (DLP), has gained increasing fascination in the realm of microfluidic research because it has proven advantageous and expedient for constructing microscale 3D structures. The surface wetting characteristics (e.g.