Berberine Improves Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Obese Mice through the Reduction of IRE1/GSK-3β Axis-Mediated Inflammation.

Introduction: Berberine (BBR) has the characteristics of repressing hyperglycemia, obesity, and inflammation, as well as improving insulin resistance. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be fully understood. This study explores whether BBR regulates inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) axis to resist obesity-associated inflammation, thereby improving glucolipid metabolism disorders.

Chemogenetic Evolution of Diversified Photoenzymes for Enantioselective [2 + 2] Cycloadditions in Whole Cells.

Artificial photoenzymes with novel catalytic modes not found in nature are in high demand; yet, they also present significant challenges in the field of biocatalysis. In this study, a chemogenetic modification strategy is developed to facilitate the rapid diversification of photoenzymes. This strategy integrates site-specific chemical conjugation of various artificial photosensitizers into natural protein cavities and the iterative mutagenesis in cell lysates.

A Three-in-One Integrated CsBiBr@CoO Heterostructure with Photoinduced Self-Heating Effect for Synergistically Enhancing the Photothermal CO Reduction.

Photothermal catalysis, which applies solar energy to produce photogenerated e/h pairs as well as provide heat input, is recognized as a promising technology for high conversion efficiency of CO to value-added solar fuels. In this work, a "shooting three birds with one stone" approach is demonstrated to significantly enhance the photothermal CO reduction over the CsBiBr@CoO (CBB@CoO) heterostructure. Initially, CoO with photoinduced self-heating effect serves as a photothermal material to elevate the temperature of the photocatalyst, which kinetically accelerates the catalytic reaction.

Enantioselective [2+2]-cycloadditions with triplet photoenzymes.

Naturally evolved enzymes, despite their astonishingly large variety and functional diversity, operate predominantly through thermochemical activation. Integrating prominent photocatalysis modes into proteins, such as triplet energy transfer, could create artificial photoenzymes that expand the scope of natural biocatalysis. Here, we exploit genetically reprogrammed, chemically evolved photoenzymes embedded with a synthetic triplet photosensitizer that are capable of excited-state enantio-induction.

HbA combined with glycated albumin or 1,5-anhydroglucitol improves the efficiency of diabetes screening in a Chinese population.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of HbA combined with glycated albumin (GA) or 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) to detect diabetes in residents of Jiangsu, China.

Methods: The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on 2184 people in Jiangsu. HbA , GA, 1,5-AG and other serum biochemical parameters were measured.

Low density lipoprotein mimic nanoparticles composed of amphipathic hybrid peptides and lipids for tumor-targeted delivery of paclitaxel.

Background: Low density lipoprotein (LDL) has been regarded as a promising antitumor drug vehicle. However some problems, such as rare source, difficulty of large-scale production, and potential safety concerns, hinder its clinical application.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to develop a biomimetic LDL nanocarrier by replacing the native apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) with an artificial amphipathic peptide and demonstrate its antitumor efficacy.

In vitro effect of mPEG-PCL micelles on rat liver cytochrome P450 enzymes.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of amphiphilic copolymer micelles on six major hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms. A series of mPEG-PCL polymeric micelles (mPEG-PCL, mPEG-PCL, mPEG-PCL and mPEG-PCL) ranging from 20 to 100 nm were prepared to investigate the inhibitory or inductive activities by in vitro incubations of rat liver microsomes and primary rat hepatocytes. Inhibition of these polymeric micelles on CYP1A2, CYP2B1, CYP2C6, CYP2C11, CYP2D2 and CYP3A1/2 isoenzymes were observed above their critical micelle concentrations (>10 μg·mL) and in a concentration-dependent manner.

A retrospective review of rheumatology referral wait times within a health centre in Quebec, Canada.

It is important that inflammatory arthropathies such as rheumatoid arthritis be diagnosed promptly so that treatment can be administered in a timely fashion. However, there is considerable evidence that this process of care is delayed in many people. The aim of the study is to assess wait times between primary care referral and rheumatology assessment for new-onset inflammatory arthropathies.